枸杞多糖通过下调miR-23a减轻顺铂诱导的颗粒细胞损伤

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.06

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 2340-2349.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.06

枸杞多糖通过下调miR-23a减轻顺铂诱导的颗粒细胞损伤

刘柳青¹(), 王坤¹, 王雪晴², 杜冰心³

^1.安徽中医药大学，中医学院，安徽合肥 230012
^2.安徽中医药大学，药学院，安徽合肥 230012
^3.上海中医药大学附属曙光医院安徽医院妇科，安徽合肥 230038

收稿日期:2025-04-23 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
通讯作者: 刘柳青 E-mail:liuliuqing@ahtcm.edu.cn
作者简介:刘柳青，博士，讲师，E-mail: liuliuqing@ahtcm.edu.cn
基金资助:
新安医学教育部重点实验室开放课题(2024xayx12);安徽中医药大学徽学研究中心开放基金科研项目(2024HXYJZX11);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(2022AH050494);安徽中医药大学第一批高层次人才支持计划(2022rcyb003);安徽中医药大学科研基金项目(2021zrzd13)

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides alleviates cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury by downregulating miR-23a

Liuqing LIU¹(), Kun WANG¹, Xueqing WANG², Bingxin DU³

^1.College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Hospital of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
^2.College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China, Anhui Hospital of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
^3.Department of Gynecology, Anhui Hospital of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China

Received:2025-04-23 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-28
Contact: Liuqing LIU E-mail:liuliuqing@ahtcm.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究枸杞多糖（LBP）对顺铂损伤的卵巢颗粒细胞的保护作用及其潜在机制。方法采用顺铂（2.5 µg/mL，24 h）诱导人颗粒细胞样肿瘤细胞系（KGN）建立KGN损伤模型，采用不同浓度LBP（100、500、1000 mg/L）干预受损KGN，各组细胞分别用细胞计数试剂盒-8检测细胞活力，流式细胞术检测凋亡率，ELISA法检测抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平，透射电镜观察超微结构，Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白（Bax、caspase-3、Bcl-2）及PI3K/AKT信号通路的表达情况，RT-qPCR法检测微小RNA（miR）-23a表达情况。通过慢病毒转染构建miR-23a过表达/敲低模型，验证LBP的作用机制。结果顺铂抑制KGN活力（P<0.01），诱导凋亡（P<0.01），降低AMH水平（P<0.01），造成染色质凝聚、细胞核固缩、细胞质空泡化等超微结构异常，并增加促凋亡基因Bax、caspase-3的表达（P<0.01），减少抑凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达（P<0.05），下调PI3K/AKT信号通路的表达与活化（P<0.01），上调miR-23a的含量（P<0.01）。LBP干预可不同程度地逆转上述损伤，中剂量LBP作用24 h可改善KGN细胞活力、凋亡率、内分泌功能和超微结构（P<0.01）。中剂量LBP通过下调miR-23a（P<0.01）激活PI3K/AKT通路（P<0.01），抑制Bax、caspase-3（P<0.01），上调Bcl-2（P<0.05）。miR-23a过表达削弱LBP的保护作用，而敲低miR-23a则增强其疗效（P<0.01）。结论 LBP通过抑制miR-23a表达，激活PI3K/AKT通路，抑制顺铂诱导的KGN凋亡，为保护卵巢功能提供了潜在治疗策略。

关键词: 枸杞多糖, miR-23a, KGN, 细胞凋亡, PI3K/AKT信号通路

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) against cisplatin-induced ovarian granulosa cell injury and investigate its possible mechanisms. Methods Human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) were treated with 2.5 µg/mL cisplatin for 24 h, followed by treatment with 100, 500, and 1000 mg/L LBP, and the changes in cell viability, apoptosis, level of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and cell ultrastructure were detected with CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, ELISA and transmission electron microscopy. The cellular expressions of Bax, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and the PI3K/AKT pathway proteins were analyzed using Western blotting, and the expression of miR-23a was detected with RT-qPCR. KGN cell models with lentivirus-mediated miR-23a overexpression or knockdown were used to verify the therapeutic mechanism of LBP. Results Cisplatin treatment significantly inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis, decreased AMH level, caused ultrastructural abnormalities, increased Bax and caspase-3 expression, and lowered Bcl-2 expression in KGN cells. Cisplatin also suppressed the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and upregulated miR-23a expression in the cells. LBP intervention obviously alleviated cisplatin-induced injuries in KGN cells, and in particular, LBP treatment at the medium dose for 24 h significantly improved KGN cell viability, reduced apoptosis, enhanced their endocrine function, and ameliorated ultrastructural abnormalities. Mechanistically, medium-dose LBP obviously activated the PI3K/AKT pathway by downregulating miR-23a in cisplatin-treated cells, subsequently inhibiting Bax and caspase-3 while upregulating Bcl-2. Overexpression of miR-23a weakened while knockdown of miR-23a significantly enhanced the protective effects of LBP. Conclusion LBP alleviates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in KGN cells by inhibiting miR-23a expression and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian function preservation.

Key words: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, miR-23a, KGN cells, cell apoptosis, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

刘柳青, 王坤, 王雪晴, 杜冰心. 枸杞多糖通过下调miR-23a减轻顺铂诱导的颗粒细胞损伤[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2025, 45(11): 2340-2349.

Liuqing LIU, Kun WANG, Xueqing WANG, Bingxin DU. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides alleviates cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury by downregulating miR-23a[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2025, 45(11): 2340-2349.

图/表 22

表1 顺铂处理0 、12 、24 、48 h后各组细胞活力

Tab.1 KGN cell viability after cisplatin treatment at different concentrations for 0, 12, 24, and 48 h (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	CDDP exposure duration(h)
Group	0	12	24	48
NC	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00
CDDP 1.25	0.97±0.15	0.87±0.10	0.65±0.07^a	0.61±0.07^a
CDDP 2.5	0.98±0.14	0.77±0.09^b	0.50±0.03^a	0.41±0.04^a
CDDP 5	0.94±0.12	0.65±0.08^a	0.42±0.03^a	0.28±0.04^a
CDDP 10	0.97±0.10	0.55±0.10^a	0.32±0.03^a	0.25±0.06^a

图1 不同处理时长下顺铂的IC50曲线

Fig.1 IC50 curves of cisplatin in KGN cells with different exposure durations.

表2 LBP处理12、24、48 h后各组细胞活力

Tab.2 KGN cell viability after LBP treatment for 12, 24, and 48 h (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	LBP exposure duration (h)
Group	12	24	48
NC	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00
MC	0.71±0.04^a	0.59±0.06^a	0.52±0.07^a
LBP-L	0.72±0.04	0.74±0.03^c	0.58±0.07^e
LBP-M	0.80±0.09	0.85±0.06^c	0.74±0.04^c
LBP-H	0.76±0.11	0.70±0.06^f	0.65±0.04^df

表3 各组KGN凋亡率

Tab.3 Apoptosis rate of KGN cells in different groups (n=3, Mean±SD)

Group	Apoptosis rate (%)
NC	5.27±0.22
MC	45.70±1.14^a
LBP-L	29.29±0.52^ce
LBP-M	16.55±0.02^c
LBP-H	27.82±0.28^ce

图2 各组KGN凋亡情况

Fig.2 KGN cell apoptosis in each group.

表4 各组AMH水平

Tab.4 AMH levels in KGN cell in each group (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	AMH (pg/mL)
NC	370.05±14.23
MC	45.99±2.23^a
LBP-L	155.49±9.19^ce
LBP-M	209.59±11.30^c
LBP-H	182.18±6.44^ce

图3 各组KGN的超微结构

Fig.3 Ultrastructure of KGN cells in each group (TEM, original magnification: ×25000).

表5 各组KGN凋亡相关蛋白相对表达量

Tab.5 Relative expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins in KGN cells in each group (n=3, Mean±SD)

Group	Bax	Caspase-3	Bcl-2
NC	0.21±0.01	0.14±0.00	0.42±0.04
MC	0.45±0.02^a	0.42±0.01^a	0.09±0.02^b
LBP-L	0.39±0.01^ce	0.37±0.00^ce	0.25±0.02^c
LBP-M	0.28±0.03^c	0.27±0.00^c	0.38±0.04^d
LBP-H	0.36±0.02^ce	0.32±0.00^ce	0.28±0.00^d

图4 Western blotting法检测各组Bax、Caspase、Bcl-2的表达

Fig.4 Expressions of Bax, caspase and Bcl-2 in KGN cells in each group detected by Western blotting.

表6 各组KGN PI3K/AKT信号通路蛋白相对表达量

Tab.6 Relative protein expression levels of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in KGN cells in each group (n=3, Mean±SD)

Group	p-PI3K	PI3K	p-AKT	AKT
NC	0.25±0.01	0.47±0.01	0.47±0.01	0.48±0.01
MC	0.06±0.01^a	0.16±0.01^a	0.21±0.01^a	0.33±0.01^a
LBP-L	0.09±0.01^ce	0.24±0.02^f	0.29±0.01^ce	0.41±0.01^ce
LBP-M	0.16±0.01^c	0.38±0.00^c	0.42±0.02^c	0.46±0.01^c
LBP-H	0.12±0.01^ce	0.31±0.00^ce	0.35±0.01^ce	0.43±0.01^ce

图5 Western blotting法检测各组p-PI3K、PI3K、p-AKT、AKT的表达

Fig.5 Expressions of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT and AKT in KGN cells in each group detected by Western blotting.

表7 各组KGN miR-23a表达量

Tab.7 miR-23a expression levels in KGN cells in each group (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	MiR-23a
NC	1.00±0.02
MC	2.50±0.13^a
LBP-L	1.89±0.05^ce
LBP-M	1.56±0.06^c
LBP-H	1.66±0.08^c

表8 慢病毒转染对miR-23a表达的影响

Tab.8 Effect of lentiviral transfection on miR-23a expression in KGN cells (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	MiR-23a
NC	1.00±0.09
inhibitor-NC	1.02±0.07
inhibitor	0.43±0.02^ag
mimic-NC	0.98±0.06
mimic	1.65±0.04^ah

表9 miR-23a对KGN细胞活力和凋亡率的影响

Tab.9 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on KGN cell viability and apoptosis rate (Mean±SD)

Group	Cell viability (n=6)	Apoptosis rate (%, n=3)
NC	1.00±0.00	5.50±0.53
MC	0.41±0.03^a	44.49±0.38^a
LBP	0.74±0.06^c	18.20±0.84^c
inhibitor-NC+LBP	0.76±0.08^c	17.32±0.23^c
inhibitor+LBP	0.88±0.09^c	13.12±0.39^cei
mimic-NC+LBP	0.76±0.04^c	17.64±0.35^c
mimic+LBP	0.64±0.09^d	27.62±0.73^cej

图6 miR-23a对LBP调节细胞凋亡的影响

Fig.6 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on LBP-mediated regulation of KGN cell apoptosis.

图7 miR-23a对KGN超微结构的影响

Fig.7 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on the ultrastructure of KGN cells (TEM, ×25000).

表10 miR-23a对KGN分泌AMH的影响

Tab.10 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on AMH secretion in KGN cells (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	AMH (pg/mL)
NC	358.92±16.15
MC	54.23±5.93^a
LBP	217.87±8.79^c
inhibitor-NC+LBP	212.64±7.93^c
inhibitor+LBP	259.52±6.73^cei
mimic-NC+LBP	210.80±8.02^c
mimic+LBP	163.54±5.61^cej

表11 慢病毒转染对LBP调节miR-23a表达的影响

Tab.11 Effect of lentiviral transfection on LBP-mediated regulation of miR-23a expression in KGN cells (n=6, Mean±SD)

Group	MiR-23a
NC	1.00±0.05
MC	2.49±0.13^a
LBP	1.58±0.10^c
inhibitor-NC+LBP	1.58±0.09^c
inhibitor+LBP	1.20±0.05^cei
mimic-NC+LBP	1.59±0.07^c
mimic+LBP	1.99±0.12^cej

表12 miR-23a对LBP调节PI3K/AKT信号通路相对表达量的影响

Tab.12 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on LBP-mediated regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in KGN cells (n=3, Mean±SD)

Group	p-PI3K	PI3K	p-AKT	AKT
NC	0.34±0.02	0.49±0.02	0.43±0.02	0.47±0.00
MC	0.10±0.01^a	0.19±0.01^a	0.12±0.00^a	0.37±0.01^a
LBP	0.20±0.01^c	0.27±0.04^c	0.27±0.02^c	0.42±0.01^c
inhibitor-NC+LBP	0.20±0.01^c	0.28±0.03^c	0.28±0.03^c	0.43±0.01^c
inhibitor+LBP	0.29±0.00^cei	0.41±0.03^cei	0.40±0.02^cei	0.46±0.01^cei
mimic-NC+LBP	0.21±0.01^c	0.29±0.03^c	0.27±0.03^c	0.42±0.01^c
mimic+LBP	0.14±0.01^cej	0.21±0.01^fj	0.14±0.01^ej	0.38±0.01^ej

图8 Western blotting法检测miR-23a对p-PI3K、PI3K、p-AKT、AKT表达的影响

Fig.8 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on the expressions of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT and AKT detected by Western blotting.

表13 miR-23a对LBP调节凋亡相关蛋白相对表达量的影响

Tab.13 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on LBP-mediated regulation of apoptosis-related protein expressions in KGN cells (n=3, Mean±SD)

Group	Bax	Caspase-3	Bcl-2
NC	0.15±0.01	0.10±0.03	0.50±0.01
MC	0.43±0.02^a	0.45±0.01^a	0.17±0.01^a
LBP	0.30±0.02^c	0.25±0.03^c	0.30±0.01^c
inhibitor-NC+LBP	0.30±0.02^c	0.22±0.03^c	0.30±0.01^c
inhibitor+LBP	0.19±0.02^cei	0.14±0.04^cei	0.45±0.01^cei
mimic-NC+LBP	0.32±0.02^c	0.25±0.01^c	0.32±0.02^c
mimic+LBP	0.40±0.03^ej	0.41±0.03^ej	0.24±0.02^cej

图9 Western blotting法检测miR-23a对Bax、caspase-3、Bcl-2表达的影响

Fig.9 Effect of miR-23a overexpression and knockdown on expressions of Bax, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 detected by Western blotting.

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枸杞多糖通过下调miR-23a减轻顺铂诱导的颗粒细胞损伤

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides alleviates cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury by downregulating miR-23a

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