高表达YEATS2通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进胃癌细胞上皮-间质转化进程

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.14

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 2416-2426.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.14

高表达YEATS2通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进胃癌细胞上皮-间质转化进程

姜雪凝¹(), 黄晴晴², 徐盈², 王舜印², 张小凤², 王炼¹, 王月月², 左芦根¹^,²()

^1.蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院胃肠外科，安徽蚌埠 233004
^2.炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室，安徽蚌埠 233030

收稿日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
通讯作者: 左芦根 E-mail:jiangxn1202@163.com;zuolugen@126.com
作者简介:姜雪凝，在读硕士研究生，E-mail: jiangxn1202@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(82370534);安徽省卫生健康科研项目(AHWJ2022a019);安徽省高校杰出青年科研项目(2022AH020085);安徽省临床医学研究转化专项(202427b10020099)

High YEATS2 expression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Xuening JIANG¹(), Qingqing HUANG², Ying XU², Shunyin² WANG², Xiaofeng² ZHANG², Lian¹ WANG¹, Yueyue² WANG², Lugen ZUO¹^,²()

^1.Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
^2.Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China

Received:2025-05-06 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-28
Contact: Lugen ZUO E-mail:jiangxn1202@163.com;zuolugen@126.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370534)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究YEATS2在胃癌组织中的表达水平及其临床预后价值，并揭示其对胃癌细胞EMT进程的作用和机制。方法基于TIMER2.0、GEPIA等公共数据库预测YEATS2在胃癌中的表达水平；纳入100例在本院接受胃癌根治术的患者，通过免疫组化检测胃癌及癌旁组织中YEATS2表达，分析其与临床病理参数和Ki67的相关性；采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析、Cox回归和ROC曲线评估YEATS2的预后价值；通过生物富集分析预测YEATS2对胃癌可能的作用和机制，构建YEATS2敲低与过表达的胃癌细胞系（HGC-27与AGS），设shNC、shYEATS2、Vector和OE-YEATS2组，分别采用shRNA阴性对照慢病毒和YEATS2特异性干扰慢病毒、空载对照慢病毒载体及YEATS2过表达慢病毒进行转染。结合细胞划痕、Transwell和Western blotting检测YEATS2对胃癌细胞迁移、侵袭及EMT的作用。结果 YEATS2在胃癌组织中表达显著高于癌旁组织且与Ki67表达呈正相关（P<0.05）。YEATS2高表达组中CEA≥5 μg/L、CA19-9≥37 kU/L、T3-4期及N2-3期的患者比例高于低表达组（P<0.05）。生存分析显示YEATS2高表达患者术后5年生存率降低（P<0.001），ROC曲线分析表明YEATS2评估胃癌患者根治术后5年生存率的敏感性为80.00%，特异性为66.67%（P<0.05）。Cox回归显示YEATS2高表达是胃癌患者术后5年生存率低的独立危险因素（HR：1.675，95%CI：1.013~2.771，P=0.045）。富集分析提示YEATS2可能与胃癌EMT过程和Wnt/β-catenin通路有关。体外实验表明，YEATS2高表达可促进胃癌细胞迁移、侵袭，同时上调Vimentin、N-cadherin、Wnt和Active β-catenin，并下调E-cadherin的表达（P<0.05）。经XAV-939（Wnt/β-catenin抑制剂）处理后，YEATS2过表达导致的EMT相关蛋白表达变化（N-cadherin、Vimentin上调和E-cadherin下调）被显著削弱（P<0.05）。结论 YEATS2高表达可能激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进胃癌细胞EMT进程，并与患者预后不良有关。

关键词: 胃癌, YEATS2, 预后, 上皮-间质转化, Wnt/β-catenin

Abstract:

Objective To investigate YEATS2 expression in gastric cancer (GC), its prognostic value, and its regulatory role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells. Methods YEATS2 expression in GC was analyzed using publicly available databases. Paired GC and adjacent tissues were collected from 100 patients undergoing radical surgery for immunohistochemical detection of YEATS2 expression, and its correlations with the patients' clinicopathological parameters and Ki67 expression were analyzed. The prognostic value of YEATS2 was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression and ROC curves, and its regulatory mechanisms were analyzed using KEGG enrichment analysis. In cultured GC cell lines (HGC-27 and AGS), the effect of YEATS2 knockdown and overexpression on migration, invasion and EMT of the cells were examined with scratching assay, Transwell assay and Western blotting. Results YEATS2 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues with a positive correlation with Ki67 (P<0.05). High YEATS2 expression was associated with elevated CEA (≥5 μg/L), CA19-9 (≥37 kU/L), T3-4 stage, and N2-3 stage (all P<0.05). Patients with high YEATS2 expression had significantly reduced 5-year survival (P<0.001); ROC analysis showed that YEATS2 expression levels had a sensitivity of 80.00% and a specificity of 66.67% for predicting patient survival (P<0.05). Cox regression identified high YEATS2 as an independent risk factor for poor postoperative 5-year survival outcome of GC patients (HR: 1.675, 95%CI: 1.013-2.771; P=0.045). KEGG enrichment analysis suggested involvement of YEATS2 in EMT in GC and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In cultured GC cells, YEATS2 overexpression significantly promoted cell migration and invasion, upregulated the expressions of vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt and active β-catenin, and downregulated E-cadherin expression, and these changes were obviously suppressed by treatment with XAV-939 (a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor). Conclusion High YEATS2 expression activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote EMT in GC and is correlated with poor prognosis of GC patients.

Key words: Gastric cancer, YEATS2, prognosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Wnt/β-catenin

姜雪凝, 黄晴晴, 徐盈, 王舜印, 张小凤, 王炼, 王月月, 左芦根. 高表达YEATS2通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进胃癌细胞上皮-间质转化进程[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2025, 45(11): 2416-2426.

Xuening JIANG, Qingqing HUANG, Ying XU, Shunyin² WANG, Xiaofeng² ZHANG, Lian¹ WANG, Yueyue² WANG, Lugen ZUO. High YEATS2 expression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2025, 45(11): 2416-2426.

图/表 10

图1 胃癌组织中YEATS2和Ki67的表达及相关性分析

Fig.1 Expression and correlation analysis of YEATS2 and Ki67 in gastric cancer. A: Expression of YEATS2 in different human tumors. B: Expression of YEATS2 in gastric cancer. C: Immunohistochemical staining of YEATS2 and Ki67. D,E: Relative IOD values of YEATS2 and Ki67. F: Correlation between YEATS2 and Ki67 in gastric cancer tissues. *P<0.05,***P<0.001 vs adjacent tissue.

图2 YEATS2高表达与胃癌患者肿瘤分级和分期相关

Fig.2 High YEATS2 expression is significantly associated with tumor grading and staging in gastric cancer patients. A: Correlation between YEATS2 TPM and tumor grading in gastric cancer. B: Correlation between YEATS2 TPM and tumor staging in gastric cancer. ***P<0.001 vs adjacent tissue.

表1 胃癌组织中YEATS2表达水平与胃癌恶性进展参数间的关系

Tab.1 Relationship between YEATS2 expression level and parameters of malignant progression in gastric cancer tissues (n=50)

Factor		n	YEATS2 expression		χ²	P
Factor		n	Low (n=50)	High (n=50)	χ²	P
Gender	Female	19	6 (31.58%)	13 (68.42%)	3.184	0.074
Gender	Male	81	44 (54.32%)	37 (45.68%)	3.184	0.074
Age (year)	˂60	35	18 (51.43%)	17 (48.57%)	0.044	0.834
Age (year)	≥60	65	32 (49.23%)	33 (50.77%)	0.044	0.834
Cancer cell type	Adenocarcinoma	79	42 (53.16%)	37 (46.84%)	1.507	0.220
Cancer cell type	Other	21	8 (38.10%)	13 (61.90%)	1.507	0.220
CEA (μg/L)	˂5	35	24 (68.57%)	11 (31.43%)	7.429	0.006
CEA (μg/L)	≥5	65	26 (40.00%)	39 (60.00%)	7.429	0.006
CA19-9 (kU/L)	˂37	44	27 (61.36%)	17 (38.64%)	4.058	0.044
CA19-9 (kU/L)	≥37	56	23 (41.07%)	33 (58.93%)	4.058	0.044
Tumor size (cm)	˂5	49	27 (55.10%)	22 (44.90%)	1.000	0.317
Tumor size (cm)	≥5	51	23 (45.10%)	28 (54.90%)	1.000	0.317
T stage	T1-T2	36	25 (69.44%)	11 (30.56%)	8.507	0.004
T stage	T3-T4	64	25 (39.06%)	39 (60.94%)	8.507	0.004
N stage	N0-N1	43	27 (62.79%)	16 (37.21%)	4.937	0.026
N stage	N2-N3	57	23 (40.35%)	34 (59.65%)	4.937	0.026

图3 YEATS2对胃癌患者预后的影响

Fig.3 Effect of YEATS2 on prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. A: Kaplan-Meier analysis. B: Survival curves. C: Predictive value of YEATS2 for 5-year survival after radical gastrectomy.

表2 胃癌患者术后5年生存期的影响因素分析

Tab.2 Analysis of risk factors affecting 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy

Factor	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Factor	Log-rank χ²	P	HR	95% CI	P
Gender (male vs female)	<0.001	0.989
Age (˂60 years vs ≥60 years )	0.014	0.907
Cancer cell type (adenocarcinoma vs other)	0.539	0.463
CEA (˂5 μg/L vs ≥5 μg/L)	24.128	<0.001	2.760	1.480-5.147	0.001
CA19-9 (˂37kU/L vs ≥37 kU/L)	30.316	<0.001	2.600	1.480-4.569	<0.001
Tumor size (˂5 cm vs ≥5 cm)	1.041	0.308
T stage (T1-T2 vs T3-T4)	15.477	<0.001	2.015	1.129-3.593	0.018
N stage (N0-N1 vs N2-N3)	25.115	<0.001	2.238	1.275-3.928	0.005
YEATS2 expression (high vs low)	13.939	<0.001	1.675	1.013-2.771	0.045

图4 YEATS2的KEGG和GO富集分析

Fig.4 KEGG and GO enrichment analysis of YEATS2. A: KEGG enrichment analysis results. B: GO enrichment analysis results.

图5 YEATS2促进胃癌细胞的迁移

Fig.5 YEATS2 promotes migration of gastric cancer cells. A-D: Validation of YEATS2 knockdown and overexpression in gastric cancer cells. E, F: High expression of YEATS2 promotes HGC-27 cell migration. G, H: High expression of YEATS2 promotes AGS cell migration. n=3, *P<0.05 vs shNC or vs Vector.

图6 YEATS2促进胃癌细胞的迁移和侵袭

Fig.6 YEATS2 promotes migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. A-D: High expression of YEATS2 promotes HGC-27 cell migration and invasion. E-H: High expression of YEATS2 promotes AGS cell migration and invasion. n=3, *P<0.05 vs shNC or vs Vector.

图7 YEATS2促进胃癌细胞的EMT进程

Fig.7 YEATS2 promotes EMT process in gastric cancer cells. A, B : Expressions of key EMT-related proteins in HGC27 cells. C, D: Expressions of key EMT-related proteins in AGS cells. n=3, *P<0.05 vs shNC or vs Vector.

图8 胃癌中YEATS2的表达升高激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路

Fig.8 Elevated expression of YEATS2 in gastric cancer cells activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. A, B: Expressions of Wnt, active β-catenin and c-myc in HGC-27 cells. C, D: Expressions of Wnt, active β-catenin and c-myc in AGS cells. E: Expressions of key EMT-related proteins in HGC27 cells. F: Expressions of key EMT-related proteins in AGS cells. n=3, *P<0.05 vs shNC or vs Vector or vs OE-YEATS2.

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高表达YEATS2通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进胃癌细胞上皮-间质转化进程

High YEATS2 expression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

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