黄芪注射液通过多成分靶向CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8抑制宫颈癌恶性进展

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.09.19

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 2206-2221.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.09.19

• • 上一篇

黄芪注射液通过多成分靶向CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8抑制宫颈癌恶性进展

马园园¹^,³(), 刘悦¹(), 高宁¹^,²(), 霍宇萌¹, 陈美霓¹^,², 李佳文¹, 刘佳浩¹, 张满秋¹, 严冰冰¹, 许诺¹, 赵菊梅¹^,²()

^1.延安大学延安医学院基础医学院，陕西延安 716000
^2.延安市陕北肿瘤防治重点实验室，延安大学延安医学院基础医学院，陕西延安 716000
^3.延安大学附属医院妇科，陕西延安 716000

收稿日期:2025-12-04 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-09-30
通讯作者: 赵菊梅 E-mail:304769958@qq.com;liuyue10222001@163.com;yadxgaoning@163.com;jmz2003.stu@163.com
作者简介:马园园，在读硕士研究生，主治医师，E-mail: 304769958@qq.com
刘悦，在读硕士研究生，E-mail: liuyue10222001@163.com
高宁，博士，讲师，硕士生导师，E-mail: yadxgaoning@163.com
第一联系人：（马园园、刘悦、高宁并列第一作者）
基金资助:
陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(23JK0732);陕西省科技厅科技资源开放共享平台(2024CX-GXPT-27);陕西省大学生创新创业计划训练项目(S202410719094);陕西省大学生创新创业计划训练项目(S202510719111);延安市科技计划项目(2023-SFGG-098);延安市科学技术协会青年人才托举计划项目(2023-20-1)

Multiple components in Astragalus Injection target CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8 to suppress cervical cancer progression

Yuanyuan MA¹^,³(), Yue LIU¹(), Ning GAO¹^,²(), Yumeng HUO¹, Meini CHEN¹^,², Jiawen LI¹, Jiahao LIU¹, Manqiu ZHANG¹, Bingbing YAN¹, Nuo XU¹, Jumei ZHAO¹^,²()

^1.School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan'an Medical College, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Northern Shaanxi Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan'an Medical College, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China
^3.Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China

Received:2025-12-04 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-09-30
Contact: Jumei ZHAO E-mail:304769958@qq.com;liuyue10222001@163.com;yadxgaoning@163.com;jmz2003.stu@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的预测黄芪注射液在抗宫颈癌中的作用靶标及分子机制。方法通过STRING、Cytoscape构建黄芪注射液与宫颈癌的交集靶点网络，筛选关键靶标；DAVID数据库完成靶点GO功能注释与KEGG通路富集分析；分子对接分析药物活性成分与核心靶点的结合能力；通过CCK-8、细胞克隆、划痕、Transwell检测黄芪注射液对人宫颈癌SiHa细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭影响；Western blotting检测核心靶点FOS、PPARG、CXCL8、CCL2，IL-17通路核心分子NF-κB p65、p-p65、STAT3、p-STAT3及细胞凋亡相关蛋白BAX、BCL2、Caspase-3、cleaved-Caspase-3的表达。考马斯亮蓝与鬼笔环肽染色检测细胞骨架微丝变化；JC-10检测线粒体膜电位；AO/EB染色检测细胞凋亡及细胞膜通透性。构建U14宫颈癌荷瘤小鼠模型，8 只荷瘤小鼠随机分为对照组和黄芪注射液处理组，4只/组；测量肿瘤体积生长情况；HE染色分析肿瘤组织病理学；免疫组织化学染色观察CCL2、PPARG、FOS阳性表达率。结果确定黄芪注射液中5个活性成分与宫颈癌关键靶点CCL2、CXCL8、FOS、PPARG，且分子对接结合能均小于-5 kJ/mol。细胞实验结果显示黄芪注射液能显著抑制宫颈癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力（P<0.05），并引起微丝结构改变，诱导细胞发生凋亡，靶点蛋白FOS、CXCL8、CCL2、PPARG、抗凋亡蛋白 BCL2 及磷酸化的p-p65 （Ser536）、p-STAT3 （Tyr705）蛋白表达水平下调（P<0.01），而促凋亡蛋白BAX、cleaved-Caspase-3表达水平升高（P<0.001）。体内实验结果显示，黄芪注射液可抑制宫颈癌移植瘤增殖，引起肿瘤组织大片坏死，使核心靶点蛋白CCL2、PPARG、FOS阳性表达下调（P<0.001）。结论黄芪注射液可通过多个活性成分抑制宫颈癌细胞中多靶点蛋白表达，引起微丝结构损伤，导致癌细胞运动能力减弱及细胞凋亡。深入研究黄芪注射液抗宫颈癌的有效成分和作用机制，为黄芪注射液在宫颈癌治疗领域的研究开辟新视角。

关键词: 黄芪注射液, 宫颈癌, 网络药理学, 微丝, 细胞凋亡

Abstract:

Objective To predict the functional targets and molecular mechanisms of Astragalus Injection for suppressing cervical cancer. Methods The overlapping targets between Astragalus Injection and cervical cancer were used to construct a protein-protein interaction network. GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed, and molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the binding capacity between drug active components and the core targets. SiHa cells were treated with Astragalus Injection and the changes in cell proliferation, migration and invasion were examined. The expressions of the core targets (FOS, PPARG, CXCL8, and CCL2), key molecules in the IL-17 pathway (NF-κB p65, p-p65, STAT3, and p-STAT3), Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 were detected in the treated cells. The changes in microfilament, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell apoptosis and membrane permeability were observed using Coomassie brilliant blue, phalloidin, JC-10 and AO/EB staining. In a mouse model bearing U14 cervical cancer xenograft, the effect of Astragalus Injection on tumor growth was observed, tumor histopathology was examined using HE staining, and CCL2, PPARG and FOS expressions were analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Results Five major active components of Astragalus Injection were found to stably bind to 4 core targets (CCL2, CXCL8, FOS, and PPARG) with docking binding energies all below -5 kJ/mol. Astragalus Injection significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of SiHa cells, disrupted cytoskeletal microfilament structure, and induced cell apoptosis, causing also significantly lowered protein levels of FOS, CXCL8, CCL2, PPARG, Bcl-2, p-p65 and p-STAT3 and increased expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. In the tumor-bearing mice, Astragalus Injection significantly suppressed xenograft growth, induced tumor tissue necrosis, and reduced the expressions of CCL2, PPARG and FOS. Conclusion Astragalus Injection inhibits cervical cancer progression by downregulating multiple target proteins, damaging microfilament structure, weakening tumor cell motility and promoting apoptosis.

Key words: Astragalus injection, cervical cancer, network pharmacology, microfilament, cell apoptosis

马园园, 刘悦, 高宁, 霍宇萌, 陈美霓, 李佳文, 刘佳浩, 张满秋, 严冰冰, 许诺, 赵菊梅. 黄芪注射液通过多成分靶向CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8抑制宫颈癌恶性进展[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2026, 46(9): 2206-2221.

Yuanyuan MA, Yue LIU, Ning GAO, Yumeng HUO, Meini CHEN, Jiawen LI, Jiahao LIU, Manqiu ZHANG, Bingbing YAN, Nuo XU, Jumei ZHAO. Multiple components in Astragalus Injection target CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8 to suppress cervical cancer progression[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2026, 46(9): 2206-2221.

图/表 13

图1 黄芪注射液抑制宫颈癌细胞增殖

Fig.1 Astragalus Injection inhibits the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. A: CCK-8 assay for assessing proliferation of SiHa cells treated with Astragalus Injection for 0, 24, and 48 h. B: SiHa cell viability after intervention with different concentrations of Astragalus Injection for 24 and 48 h. C: Colony formation assay for assessing the effect of Astragalus Injection on proliferation of SiHa cells. D: Quantitative analysis of cell colony formation (n=3). ***P<0.001 vs NC.

图2 黄芪注射液抑制宫颈癌细胞迁移、侵袭

Fig.2 Astragalus Injection inhibits migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. A, B: Scratch assay for assessing the effect of Astragalus Injection on migration of cervical cancer cells (Scale bar=50 μm; n=3). C, D: Transwell assay for assessing migratory ability of SiHa cells (Scale bar=20 μm; n=3). E, F: Transwell assay for evaluating invasive ability of SiHa cells (n=3). *P<0.05, ***P<0.001 vs NC.

表1 黄芪注射液活性成分信息

Tab.1 Information of active components of Astragalus Injection

Mol ID	Molecule name	OB (%)	DL
MOL000211	Mairin	55.38	0.78
MOL000239	Jaranol	50.83	0.29
MOL000296	hederagenin	36.91	0.75
MOL000033	(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,5S)-5-propan-2-yloctan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7, 8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	36.23	0.78
MOL000354	isorhamnetin	49.6	0.31
MOL000371	3,9-di-O-methylnissolin	53.74	0.48
MOL000374	5'-hydroxyiso-muronulatol-2',5'-di-O-glucoside	41.72	0.69
MOL000378	7-O-methylisomucronulatol	74.69	0.3
MOL000379	9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside	36.74	0.92
MOL000380	(6aR,11aR)-9,10-dimethoxy-6a,11a-dihydro-6H-benzofurano[3,2-c]chromen-3-ol	64.26	0.42
MOL000387	Bifendate	31.1	0.67
MOL000392	formononetin	69.67	0.21
MOL000398	isoflavanone	109.99	0.3
MOL000417	Calycosin	47.75	0.24
MOL000422	kaempferol	41.88	0.24
MOL000433	FA	68.96	0.71
MOL000438	(3R)-3-(2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)chroman-7-ol	67.67	0.26
MOL000439	isomucronulatol-7,2'-di-O-glucosiole	49.28	0.62
MOL000442	1,7-Dihydroxy-3,9-dimethoxy pterocarpene	39.05	0.48
MOL000098	quercetin	46.43	0.28

图3 黄芪注射液-宫颈癌靶点筛选

Fig.3 Target screening of Astragalus Injection-cervical cancer interaction. A: Venn diagram of potential targets in cervical cancer. B: Venn diagram of shared targets between astragalus injection and cervical cancer. C: Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network map. D: Subnetwork analysis using MCODE plugin. E: Core targets of Astragalus Injection-cervical cancer interaction.

图4 "中药-活性成分-靶点-疾病"网络图

Fig.4 "Traditional Chinese Medicine-Bioactive Compounds -Targets - Diseases" Network Diagram.

表2 黄芪注射液度值前5的活性成分

Tab.2 Top 5 active components of Astragalus Injection by degree value

Mol ID	Molecule name	Degree value
MOL000098	quercetin	125
MOL000422	kaempferol	44
MOL000392	formononetin	27
MOL000354	isorhamnetin	25
MOL000378	7-O-methylisomucronulatol	25

图5 富集分析

Fig.5 Enrichment analysis of biological process (A), cellular component (B), molecular function (C) and KEGG enrichment analysis (D).

图6 活性成分与靶点蛋白的分子对接

Fig.6 Molecular docking of active components with target proteins. A: Molecular docking binding energy results. B-F: Molecular docking interactions between the active components and CXCL8, CCL2, PPARG, and FOS, respectively.

图7 黄芪注射液对 SiHa 细胞中关键通路及靶点蛋白表达的影响

Fig.7 Effect of Astragalus Injection on key pathways and target protein expression in SiHa cells. A, C: Western blotting for assessing alterations in the expression levels of key pathway and target proteins across the experimental groups, with GAPDH serving as the internal reference protein. B, D: Quantitative grayscale analysis of protein expression levels (n=3). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs NC.

图8 黄芪注射液破坏细胞微丝结构

Fig.8 Astragalus Injection disrupts microfilament structure of SiHa cells. A: Morphology of cervical cancer SiHa cells after Astragalus Injection intervention (Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining, Scale bar=10 μm); B: Phalloidin staining of cervical cancer SiHa cells before and after treatment with Astragalus injection (Scale bar=10 μm).

图9 黄芪注射液对SiHa细胞线粒体膜电位的影响

Fig.9 Effectof Astragalus Injection on mitochondrial membrane potential in SiHa Cells. A: JC-10 staining showing normal mitochondrial membrane potential in the control group, exhibiting red fluorescence. In contrast, the Astragalus Injection treatment group showed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential with enhanced green fluorescence (Scale bar=50 μm). B: JC-10 quantitative statistical analysis (n=3). ****P<0.0001 vs NC.

图10 黄芪注射液促进SiHa细胞的凋亡

Fig.10 Astragalus Injection promotes apoptosis in SiHa cells. A: Astragalus Injection induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway, as assessed by AO/EB staining.The nuclei in the control group exhibited uniform green fluorescence; The treated cells displayed characteristic apoptotic features, including chromatin condensation (bright green) and nuclear fragmentation (orange-red) (Scale bar=20 μm). B: AO/EB quantitative statistical analysis (n=3). ****P<0.0001 vs NC; C: Western blotting of expression levels of apoptosis-related protein BAX, BCL2, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3, with GAPDH serving as the internal control protein. D: Quantitative grayscale analysis of protein expression levels (n=3). ***P< 0.001, ****P<0.0001 vs NC.

图 11 黄芪注射液对宫颈癌体内成瘤能力的抑制作用

Fig.11 Inhibitory effect of Astragalus injection on cervical cancer xenograft growth in mice. A: Macroscopic observation of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice in the control group and the Astragalus injection treatment group. B: Tumor volume growth curve (n=4). **P<0.01 vs NC. C: Organ observation of mice in the control group and the Astragalus injection group From top to bottom: heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney. D: Dissected tumors at the end of treatment. E: Tumor tissue HE staining (Scale bar=10 μm). F: Tumor tissue immunohistochemical staining for CCL2, FOS, and PPARG (Scale bar=5 μm). G: Quantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry results. ****P<0.0001 vs NC.

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黄芪注射液通过多成分靶向CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8抑制宫颈癌恶性进展

Multiple components in Astragalus Injection target CCL2/FOS/PPARG/CXCL8 to suppress cervical cancer progression

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