刺桐碱通过抑制肠上皮炎症反应并改善肠屏障功能缓解小鼠克罗恩病样结肠炎

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.18

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 2456-2465.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.11.18

刺桐碱通过抑制肠上皮炎症反应并改善肠屏障功能缓解小鼠克罗恩病样结肠炎

黄晴晴¹^,⁴(), 杨晶晶⁴, 姜雪凝⁴, 张文静¹, 汪煜⁴, 左芦根²^,⁴, 王炼²^,⁴, 王月月¹^,⁴, 张小凤³^,⁴, 宋雪³^,⁴, 胡建国¹^,⁴()

^1.蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院，检验科，安徽蚌埠 233004
^2.蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院，胃肠外科，安徽蚌埠 233004
^3.蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院，中心实验室，安徽蚌埠 233004
^4.炎症相关性疾病基础与转化研究安徽省重点实验室，安徽蚌埠 233004

收稿日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
通讯作者: 胡建国 E-mail:hqq10100@163.com;jghu9200@bbmc.edu.cn
作者简介:黄晴晴，在读硕士研究生，E-mail: hqq10100@163.com
基金资助:
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310367057);安徽省卫生健康委科研项目(AHWJ2024Aa40007);安徽省卫生健康委科研项目(AHWJ2024Aa10051);安徽省临床医学研究转化专项(202427b10020093);安徽省临床医学研究转化专项(202427b10020094)

Hypaphorine alleviates Crohn's disease-like colitis in mice by inhibiting intestinal epithelial inflammatory response and protecting intestinal barrier function

Qingqing HUANG¹^,⁴(), Jingjing YANG⁴, Xuening JIANG⁴, Wenjing ZHANG¹, Yu WANG⁴, Lugen ZUO²^,⁴, Lian WANG²^,⁴, Yueyue WANG¹^,⁴, Xiaofeng ZHANG³^,⁴, Xue SONG³^,⁴, Jianguo HU¹^,⁴()

^1.Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
^2.Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
^3.Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
^4.Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-related Diseases, Bengbu 233004, China

Received:2025-04-15 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-28
Contact: Jianguo HU E-mail:hqq10100@163.com;jghu9200@bbmc.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨刺桐碱（HYP）对小鼠克罗恩病（CD）样结肠炎的作用及其分子机制。方法本研究采用2，4，6-三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）诱导构建小鼠CD样结肠炎模型。将30只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为3组：WT组、TNBS组和HYP组，10只/组。TNBS组和HYP组采用TNBS诱导结肠炎，HYP组每日灌胃15 mg/kg HYP，其余2组给予等量生理盐水。通过疾病活动指数（DAI）评分、体质量变化、结肠长度及组织病理学评分等指标，评估HYP对小鼠CD样结肠炎的治疗效果。在体外实验中，采用LPS刺激的Caco-2细胞建立肠上皮炎症模型，分为Control组、LPS组和LPS+HYP组。采用qRT-PCR、免疫荧光等技术检测HYP对肠上皮炎症反应及屏障功能的影响。进一步通过GO和KEGG富集分析预测HYP的作用机制，并利用Western blotting验证关键信号通路的调控。结果体内研究结果显示，HYP干预可改善TNBS诱导的小鼠结肠炎症状，具体表现为：体质量下降趋势减缓、结肠长度缩短程度改善、DAI评分及组织炎症评分降低，同时结肠黏膜中促炎因子表达水平下调（P<0.05）。在肠屏障功能方面，HYP干预后TNBS模型小鼠结肠组织TEER值升高，细菌移位率（肠系膜淋巴结、肝脏、脾脏）降低，血清中I-FABP和FITC-Dextran的浓度下降（P<0.05）。此外，HYP干预还可增加结肠组织杯状细胞数量，并上调MUC2和紧密连接蛋白（Claudin-1、ZO-1）表达（P<0.05）。体外研究结果显示，与LPS组相比，HYP处理可抑制Caco-2细胞促炎因子表达并恢复紧密连接蛋白水平（P<0.05）。Western blotting分析显示，HYP在体内外模型中均能下调TLR4/MyD88信号通路关键蛋白的表达（P<0.05）。结论 HYP可能通过抑制肠上皮炎症反应并改善肠屏障功能，从而缓解小鼠CD样结肠炎。

关键词: 克罗恩病, 结肠炎, 刺桐碱, 肠屏障, 肠上皮细胞

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of hypaphorine (HYP) on Crohn's disease (CD)‑like colitis in mice and its molecular mechanism. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6J mice were equally randomized into WT, TNBS, and HYP groups, and in the latter two groups, mouse models of CD-like colitis were established using TNBS with daily gavage of 15 mg/kg HYP or an equivalent volume of saline. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by assessing the disease activity index (DAI), body weight changes, colon length and histopathology. The effect of HYP was also tested in a LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cell model mimicking intestinal inflammation by evaluating inflammatory responses and barrier function of the cells using qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted to explore the therapeutic mechanism of HYP, which was validated in both the cell and mouse models using Western blotting. Results In the mouse models of CD-like colitis, HYP intervention obviously alleviated colitis as shown by significantly reduced body weight loss, colon shortening, DAI and inflammation scores, and expressions of pro-inflammatory factors in the colon tissues. HYP treatment also significantly increased the TEER values, reduced bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and spleen, lowered serum levels of I-FABP and FITC-dextran, increased the number of colonic tissue cup cells, and upregulated colonic expressions of MUC2 and tight junction proteins (claudin-1 and ZO-1) in the mouse models. In LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells, HYP treatment significantly inhibited the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors and increased the expressions of tight junction proteins. Western blotting showed that HYP downregulated the expressions of the key proteins in the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in both the in vitro and in vivo models. Conclusion HYP alleviates CD-like colitis in mice possibly by suppressing intestinal epithelial inflammation and improving gut barrier function.

Key words: Crohn's disease, colitis, hypaphorine, intestinal barrier, intestinal epithelial cells

黄晴晴, 杨晶晶, 姜雪凝, 张文静, 汪煜, 左芦根, 王炼, 王月月, 张小凤, 宋雪, 胡建国. 刺桐碱通过抑制肠上皮炎症反应并改善肠屏障功能缓解小鼠克罗恩病样结肠炎[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2025, 45(11): 2456-2465.

Qingqing HUANG, Jingjing YANG, Xuening JIANG, Wenjing ZHANG, Yu WANG, Lugen ZUO, Lian WANG, Yueyue WANG, Xiaofeng ZHANG, Xue SONG, Jianguo HU. Hypaphorine alleviates Crohn's disease-like colitis in mice by inhibiting intestinal epithelial inflammatory response and protecting intestinal barrier function[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2025, 45(11): 2456-2465.

图/表 8

表1 引物序列

Tab.1 Primer sequences for qRT-PCR in this study

Gene name	Primer sequences
TNF-α	Forward:5'-CAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC-3'
TNF-α	Reverse:5'-CGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG-3'
IL-6	Forward:5'-TCTATACCACTTCACAAGTCGGA-3'
IL-6	Reverse:5'-GAATTGCCATTGCACAACTCTTT-3'
IL-1β	Forward:5'-GAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG-3'
IL-1β	Reverse:5'-TGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG-3'
GAPDH	Forward:5'-AGGTCGGTGTGAACGGATTTG-3'
GAPDH	Reverse:5'-GGGGTCGTTGATGGCAACA-3'

图1 HYP给药可缓解TNBS模型小鼠CD样结肠炎

Fig.1 HYP treatment alleviates CD-like colitis in TNBS-treated mice. A: Body weight changes. B: DAI score. C: Gross observation of the dissected colon from each groups. D: Colon length in each group. E: HE staining of colonic sections of the mice from each group (scale bar=1 mm or 100 μm). F: Colonic inflammation scores in each group. *P<0.05 vs WT, #P<0.05 vs TNBS.

图2 HYP给药降低TNBS模型小鼠结肠黏膜中炎症介质水平

Fig.2 HYP treatment reduces the levels of inflammatory mediators in the colonic mucosa of TNBS-treated mice. A-C: Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNAs in mouse colonic mucosal tissue. D-F: Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β proteins in mouse colonic mucosal tissue. *P<0.05 vs WT, #P<0.05 vs TNBS.

图3 HYP给药改善TNBS模型小鼠肠屏障损伤

Fig.3 HYP ameliorates intestinal barrier damage in TNBS-treated mice. A: TEER values of mouse colon tissues in each group. B-D: Bacterial translocation rate in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. E, F: Serum levels of I-FABP and FD4 in each group. G: AB-PAS and immunohistochemical staining of colonic sections (scale bar=100 μm). H, I: Number of goblet cells per crypt and MUC2 expression level in mouse colon tissue in the 3 groups. J, L: Immunofluorescence staining of colonic sections from each group (scale bar=100 μm). K, M: Expression levels of claudin-1 and ZO-1 in mouse colon tissues in each group. *P<0.05 vs WT, #P<0.05 vs TNBS.

图4 HYP干预降低LPS诱导的Caco-2细胞中炎症介质水平

Fig.4 HYP treatment reduces inflammatory mediator levels in LPS-induced Caco-2 cells. A-C: Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNAs in Caco-2 cells with different treatments. D-F: Protein levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in Caco-2 cells with different treatments. *P<0.05 vs Control, #P<0.05 vs LPS.

图5 HYP干预改善LPS诱导的Caco-2细胞屏障损伤

Fig.5 HYP treatment ameliorates LPS-induced barrier damage in Caco-2 cells. A: TEER value of Caco-2 cells. B: Immunofluorescence staining of Caco-2 cells with different treatments (scale bar=100 μm). C-E: Expression levels of claudin-1 and ZO-1 in Caco-2 cells with different treatments. *P<0.05 vs Control, #P<0.05 vs LPS.

图6 HYP缓解CD样肠炎可能与炎症反应和TLR信号通路有关

Fig.6 Therapeutic mechanism of HYP for CD may involve inflammatory response and TLR signaling pathway. A, B: GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.

图7 HYP可下调TLR4/MyD88信号通路

Fig.7 HYP downregulates the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in both the mouse and cell models. A-C: Protein levels of TLR4 and MyD88 in mouse colonic mucosa tissues. D-F: Protein levels of TLR4 and MyD88 in Caco-2 cells with different treatments. *P<0.05 vs WT or Control, #P<0.05 vs TNBS or LPS.

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刺桐碱通过抑制肠上皮炎症反应并改善肠屏障功能缓解小鼠克罗恩病样结肠炎

Hypaphorine alleviates Crohn's disease-like colitis in mice by inhibiting intestinal epithelial inflammatory response and protecting intestinal barrier function

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