Abstract: Objective To observe the efficacy of complex Hongyibuxue oral solution in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods One hundred patients of IDA were randomly divided into test group or control group (50 cases each). Patients in the test group took complex Hongyibuxue oral solution and those in the control group took ferrous sulfate in a treatment course of 4 weeks. Results Hemoglobin, serum iron and serum ferritin in the test group rose faster than those in control group (P<0.05). The improvement of the anemic symptoms and tolerance of petients to complex Hongyibuxue oral solution in the test group were much better than ferrous sulfate. Conclusion The therapeulic effect of and tolerance of petients to complex Hongyibuxue oral solution are better than ferrous sulfate in the treatment of IDA.