Abstract: Objective To establish rabbit model of scoliosis induced with stable asymmetric lumbar loads. Methods Scoliosis was
induced in 10 two-month-old New Zealand rabbits using 316L stainless steel springs placed between the unilateral transverse
processes of L2 and L5. Serial radiographs were documented before and at 1, 4, 8, 9 and 12 weeks after the operation. At weeks,
the rabbits were randomly divided into SR group (n=5) with the spring removed and SK group (n=5) without spring removal.
Results All the rabbits survived the experiment with Cobb angle all greater than 10°at the end of the experiment. Significant
changes were found in the Cobb angles and kyphotic angles at 1, 4 and 8 weeks after the operation (P<0.05). At 8 weeks, the
Cobb angle, the kyphotic angle and the length of the spring were similar between SR and SK groups (P>0.05), and in the 4
weeks following spring removal in SR group, the Cobb angle and the kyphosis decreased significantly compared with those in
SK group (P<0.05). Micro-CT showed that the BV/TV of the concave side was greater than that of the convex side. The length of
the spring did not show obvious changes during the experiment (P>0.05). Conclusion Asymmetric lumbar loading is a
convenient, time-saving, and highly reproducible approach for establishing rabbit models of scoliosis.