Abstract: Objective To perform theory construction and empirical study of the competency model of rural general
practitioners. Methods Through literature study, job analysis, interviews, and expert team discussion, the questionnaire of
rural general practitioners competency was constructed. A total of 1458 rural general practitioners were surveyed by the
questionnaire in 6 central provinces. The common factors were constructed using the principal component method of
exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The influence of the competency characteristics on the working
performance was analyzed using regression equation analysis. Results The Cronbach ’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire
was 0.974. The model consisted of 9 dimensions and 59 items. The 9 competency dimensions included basic public health
service ability, basic clinical skills, system analysis capability, information management capability, communication and
cooperation ability, occupational moral ability, non-medical professional knowledge, personal traits and psychological
adaptability. The rate of explained cumulative total variance was 76.855%. The model fitting index were X2/df 1.88, GFI=0.94,
NFI=0.96, NNFI=0.98, PNFI=0.91, RMSEA=0.068, CFI=0.97, IFI=0.97, RFI=0.96, suggesting good model fitting. Regression
analysis showed that the competency characteristics had a significant effect on job performance. Conclusion The rural general
practitioners competency model provides reference for rural doctor training, rural order directional cultivation of medical
students, and competency performance management of the rural general practitioners.