Abstract: Objective To assess the effect of a high specific adenovirus vector-mediated shRNA targeting nuclear factor-κB
(NF-κB) on cell proliferation of the endometrium of Macaca fascicularis. Methods The adenoviral vector NF-κB-p65-shRNA and
the empty vector were separately trasnfected in cultured endometrial cells of Macaca fascicularis. The changes in the expression
of the target gene protein and apoptotic proteins, cell proliferation, and cell cycle distribution were observed after the
transfection. Results Compared with the control cells, infection of the endometrial cells with the NF-κB-p65-shRNA
adenovirus significantly increased the expression levels of apoptotic proteins, promoted apoptosis of the endometrial cells,
and reduced the cells in division stage. Conclusions NF-κB-p65 shRNA adenovirus can effectively promote apoptosis of
endometrial cells and inhibit the proliferation of endometrial cells of Macaca fascicularis.