Abstract: Objective To detect the expression of CD95 and CD95L mRNAs after liver transplantation and investigate the role of CD95 and CD95L in acute liver allograft rejection. Methods The expressions of CD95 and CD95L mRNAs of peripheral blood lymphocyte from 56 liver allograft recipients were examined using SYBR real-time PCR. Results CD95 and CD95L mRNA levels in the recipients with acute rejection were significantly higher than those without rejection (P<0.01), and the elevation occurred about 2 days earlier than that of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Conclusion CD95 and CD95L are related to acute liver allograft rejection and their mRNA expression level may serve as an indicator for prediction and diagnosis of acute rejection episodes.