Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of hyperfractionated radiation therapy and concomitant chemotherapy for inoperable stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Seventy patients were ramdomized equally into two group. The therapy group received radiotherapy with hyperfractionated radiation therapy combined with concomitant chemotherapy, and the control group was treated with chemotherapy only. Result The overall response rate, including the rate of both complete (CR) and partial responses (PR), in the therapy group was 60.0% with a CR rate of 8.6%. The overall response rate in the control group was 40.0% with a CR rate of 5.7%. The difference in overall response rate was statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05). The median survival time, 1- and 2-years survival rate were 12.8 months, 48.6%, and 25.7%, respectively, in the hyperfractionatated radiotherapy group, and 9.4 months, 34.3%, and 17.1%, respectively, in the chemotherapeutic group (P=0.031). The major toxic effects of the chemotherapy were myelosuppression and radiation esophagitis. Conclusion Hyperfractionated radiation therapy plus concomitant chemotherapy with paclitaxel for inoperable stage Ⅲ NSCLC improves the short-term response of the patients, but fail to raise the survival rate.