Abstract: To explore the factors that affect the recovery of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness following brain trauma. Methods We analyzed the data of 114 patients with disorders of consciousness following brain trauma admitted for rehabilitation. Bilateral logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors that affected the recovery of the patients’ consciousness. A logistic regression model was established and the ROC curve was drawn to obtain the optimal threshold of the prognostic model. Results Univariate analysis showed that vegetative state duration (P<0.001), CRS-R scores (P<0.001), hydrocephalus (P=0.037), hypertonia (P=0.034), central fever (P=0.035), paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) (P=0.004), and epilepsy seizures were correlated with the recovery of consciousness. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that central fever (OR=3.493, P=0.044), vegetative state duration (OR=1.016, P=0.008), PSH (OR=4.223, P=0.034) and CRS-R scores (OR=0.640, P=0.002) all significantly affected the recovery of consciousness. The χ2 value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was 10.214 (P=0.250), and the goodness of fit of this model indicated an outstanding fitting (c=0.91). Conclusions The presence of PSH is the one of the most important factor followed by centric fever to affect the outcome of patients with disorders of consciousness. A lower CRS-R score and a longer duration of vegetative state also predict a poor recovery of consciousness in these patients.