Abstract: Objective The obtain purified recombinant asprosin and test its functions. Methods The recombinant plasmid of pET-22b-asprosin was constructed and transformed into competent E.coli BL (DE3) strain. After IPTG-induced expression, asprosin inclusion body was renatured by gradient urea and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column followed by removal of endotoxin to obtain recombinant asprosin for use in cells and animals experiments. C57 mice were injected intraperitoneally with the recombinant asprosin and blood glucose was detected using a blood glucose meter. Alamar Blue assay was used to evaluate of the effect of the recombinant asprosin on the viability of MIHA cells, and cellular glycogen content was detected using the anthrone method. Results At the absorbance at 600 nm of 0.8, induction of the recombinant host bacteria with 1 mmol/L IPTG at 37 ℃ for 4 h optimally induced the expression of asprosin inclusion body. After purification and endotoxin removal, the purity of the recombinant asprosin exceeded 95% with the content of endotoxin below 1 EU/mg. In C57 mice, intraperitoneal injection with recombinant asprosin significantly increased blood glucose level, which reached the peak level at 60 min following the injection (P=0.021) and recovered the normal level at 120 min (P=0.03). Treatment with the recombinant asprosin for 24 h did not cause obvious adverse effect on the viability of MIHA cells but significantly lowered glycogen content in the cells (P<0.05). Conclusion We successfully obtained recombinant asprosin using a prokaryotic expression system. The recombinant asprosin can decrease glycogen content in MIHA cells and increase blood glucose level in mice.