南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1376-1380.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.11.17

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凤仙花、散沫花及海娜花对小鼠雄激素性脱发的治疗作用及其机制

郑雨诗，胡永轩，刘康兴，卢 艳，胡燕卿，周冼苡   

  • 出版日期:2019-12-05 发布日期:2019-11-20
  • 基金资助:

Therapeutic effect of Impatiens balsamina, Lawsonia inermis L. and Henna on androgenetic alopecia in mice

  

  • Online:2019-12-05 Published:2019-11-20

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摘要： 目的 通过皮下多点注射丙酸睾酮溶液制备C57BL/6小鼠雄激素性脱发模型，探讨不同药物对小鼠雄激素性脱发的治疗效果及作用机制。方法 将48只C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为药物组（T）、模型组（M）和空白组（K），药物组中又分为凤仙花组（T1）、散沫花组（T2）、海娜花组（T3）、米诺地尔酊组（T4），每组各8只，行背部局部脱毛处理后，除空白组外其余小鼠均皮下注射丙酸睾酮溶液5 mg/kg·d以构建雄激素性脱发模型，同时T1、T2、T3组分别用凤仙花粉、散沫花粉和海娜花粉于脱发部位外敷封包，1次/d，每次0.5 h；T4组外用5%米诺地尔酊，2次/d；模型组及空白组均予外用生理盐水。35 d后对小鼠背部进行拍照，并分别检测小鼠血清睾酮、双氢睾酮及脱毛处皮片睾酮、双氢睾酮、Ⅱ型5α还原酶的含量，同时取背部脱毛区全层皮肤制作石蜡切片，计算终毛/毳毛比。通过SPSS 20.0对实验数据进行统计学分析。结果 药物组各组均能诱导C57BL/6小鼠毛发生长。治疗35 d后各药物组小鼠背部脱毛区均可见新发生长，其中T3组背部毛发密度最高，且可见部分皮肤变为灰色，T2组小鼠背部毛发密度最低；药物组实验部位皮肤组织HE染色切片在100倍显微镜视野下计数的总毛囊数量（22.75±4.301、31.38±13.212、33.00±13.825、31.12±8.357）及终毛毛囊数量（13.25±2.605、18.88±9.463、21.25±8.379、21.62±5.805）均高于模型组（9.12±6.854、3.62±2.504），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；T1及T3组小鼠皮片中睾酮（0.81±0.12、0.85±0.19）、双氢睾酮（1.41±0.23、1.29±0.39）含量均明显低于模型组（4.75±0.41、6.48±0.57），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；各药物组血清中睾酮、双氢睾酮含量及皮片中Ⅱ型5α还原酶含量与模型组间均无显著性差异。结论 凤仙花、散沫花和海娜花对C57BL/6小鼠雄激素性脱发模型有治疗作用，其中凤仙花和海娜花可能通过降低局部皮肤中的雄激素含量来治疗雄激素性脱发。

Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Impatiens balsamina, Lawsonia inermis L. and Henna in a C57BL/6 mouse model of androgenetic alopecia and explore the mechanisms. Methods Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into blank control group, androgenetic alopecia model group, Impatiens balsamina group, Lawsonia inermis L. group, Henna group and minoxidil group. In all but those in the blank control group, the mice were subjected to dorsal subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate solution (daily dose 5 mg/kg) to establish models of androgenetic alopecia and received subsequent treatment with topical application of the corresponding drugs on a daily basis for 35 days. The concentrations of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and 5α reductase type II in the serum and skin tissue were measured, and the histopathological changes of the skin tissues were observed. Results All the tested drugs were capable of promoting new hair growth in the dorsal skin lesions of the mice. Among these drugs, Henna produced the most pronounced therapeutic effect and resulted in the highest dorsal hair density and a color change of the dorsal skin into gray; Lawsonia inermis L. showed the poorest therapeutic effect and resulted in the lowest dorsal hair density. The total number of follicles and the number of terminal hair follicles in a given field were significantly higher in all the drug treatment groups than in the model group (P<0.05). In Impatiens balsamina group and Henna group, the contents of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in the skin were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels or skin 5α reductase type II level between the drug treatment groups and the model group. Conclusion Impatiens balsamina, Lawsonia inermis L., and Henna all have therapeutic effects on androgenetic alopecia in C57BL/6 mice. The therapeutic effect of Impatiens balsamina and Henna is possibly achieved by reducing androgen content in local skin tissue.