To investigate the repairing effect of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (Al-BMSCs) sheet combined with PCL/HA scaffold in rabbit mandibular defects.

Al-BMSCs sheets and Long bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (Lon-BMSCs) sheets were cultured, PCL/HA scaffolds were produced by the fused deposition modeling method. Nine New Zealand rabbits were used to establish bilateral mandibular defect models. According to the implant materials, the rabbits were divided into 3 groups: Group A (PCL/HA scaffold), group B (Lon-BMSCs sheets combined with PCL/HA scaffold), group C (Al-BMSCs sheets combined with PCL/HA scaffold). A total of 18 samples were harvested, with 6 samples per group. All the experimental animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Gross observation, cone beam CT analysis, HE staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate the effect of bone regeneration.

The results of cone beam CT showed that the value of BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N in the group C were higher than that in group A and group B, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). HE staining and Masson staining results showed that the osteogenesis in the group C was the most active, characterized by more newly formed bone and capillaries.

Al- BMSCs sheets combined with PCL/HA scaffold displays better osteogenesis effect in the early healing process, which is expected to become a new strategy for the regeneration of maxillofacial bone defects.

To prepare IR-PEG-FA-Gd (IPFG), an MRI nanoprobe targeting hepatocellular carcinoma, to evaluate its near- infrared photothermal conversion performance, and to explore its efficacy in photothermal therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Gd³⁺ was chelated into IR- PEG- FA nanoparticles using the physical chelation method, and the MRI nanoprobe IPFG targeting hepatocellular carcinoma was prepared; the MRI nanoprobe IPFG targeting hepatocellular carcinoma was prepared; its ex vivo and in vivo photothermal heating performance was monitored using 808 nm lasers; the in situ hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model was constructed, and the effects of photothermal therapy treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma were monitored by using IVIS imaging and MRI to monitor the photothermal therapy treatment effect of IPFG for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Under 808 nm laser irradiation, the temperature of IPFG solution could reach 87.3℃ within 4 min; the tumor temperature of IPFG group reached 48.0℃ within 3 min in the subcutaneous tumor model. Even when covered with 3 mm chicken breast tissue to simulate the biological environment, the IPFG solution could still warm up to 47.3℃ within 4 min; after photothermal therapy treatment, the tumor signal almost disappeared in the IPFG group, which was significantly better than that in the IPG group and the control group, and the resolution of MRI imaging was higher in the IPFG group.

IPFG has good near- infrared photothermal conversion efficacy, and it demonstrates excellent MRI and photothermal treatment effects in liver cancer photothermal therapy, which provides a new strategy for precision treatment of liver cancer.

To investigate the value of predicting the degree of pathological differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma based on portal phase CT radiomics before surgery.

A retrospective collection of 206 patients confirmed by postoperative pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University with clinical data and complete preoperative CT enhanced scan images, they were divided into low differentiation group and non low differentiation group based on pathological results, the patients were randomly divided into training group (n=145) and test group (n=61) at a ratio of 7:3. The ITK- SNAP software was used to manually segment tumors from the portal phase, the radiomics features of the tumor tissues were extracted using the Pyradiomics package of Python software.The minimum redundancy maximum redundancy and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator methods were used to reduce the dimensionality of radiomics features and establish radiomics labels. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish clinical model, radiomics model and combined model, and 100 leave-group-out cross validation was used to verify the reliability of the model. The ROC curve, calibration curve and decision curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application value of the model.

9 optimal radiomics features were obtained. In the training group, the area under the curve of clinical model, radiomics model, and combined model was 0.641, 0.740, 0.784, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.644, 0.692, 0.724 in the test group, respectively.

The radiomics model based on portal phase CT has certain value in predicting the degree of pathological differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma before surgery.

To preliminarily investigate the clinical application value of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) technology in parotid and submandibular gland lesions in post-total resection patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after receiving iodine radioisotope (¹³¹I) therapy.

Sixty postoperative PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and experienced dry mouth symptoms after receiving ¹³¹I therapy for over 1 year during their follow-up visits at outpatient clinic of Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital from September 2022 to November 2023 were included as treatment group. Control group was formed by selecting 30 healthy volunteers with matching age and gender from our hospital during the same period. Supersonic Aixplorer ultrasonic diagnostic instrument was applied to perform routine ultrasound and SWE examination of bilateral parotid and submandibular glands of all subjects. The parotid gland thickness, submandibular gland volume and its mean Young's modulus (E_mean) were measured in the control and treatment groups, respectively.

There was no significant difference in the thickness of parotid gland and the volume of submandibular gland between the group(P > 0.05). The E_mean values of the parotid and submandibular glands in the control group were 8.56±0.71 and 8.41±1.00 kPa, respectively, while in the treatment group they were 13.25±2.98 and 11.92±2.06 kPa, respectively; There were significant differences in the same parts between the two groups (P < 0.001); When comparing different locations within groups, the treatment group had a higher E_mean value in the parotid gland compared to the submandibular gland (P < 0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in E_mean values between the parotid and submandibular glands in the control group (P > 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference in bilateral comparison of E_mean values for both glands among all subjects (P > 0.05). The E_mean of parotid gland and submandibular gland was found to have a linear correlation with the follow-up duration, cumulative dose, and drug administration frequency (P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the cumulative dose was independently and positively correlated with E_mean of parotid gland and submandibular gland (P < 0.001).

As a non-invasive, radiation-free, straightforward, and replicable examination, SWE can offer quantitative evaluations of the hardness of parotid and submandibular glands in patients who have undergone total resection of PTC and subsequently undergone therapy with ¹³¹I. An increase in the cumulative dose results in higher E_mean values for both parotid and submandibular glands, indicative of increased tissue hardness, and potentially, a greater extent of tissue damage. SWE may serve as a valuable index in the clinical appraisal of tissue damage in the parotid and submandibular glands of patients following total PTC resection and ¹³¹I treatment, providing a quantitative means for monitoring.

To summarize the MRI findings of ocular complications in patients with visual impairment after facial cosmetic injection.

A retrospective analysis was performed on the orbital high- resolution MRI of 73 patients who came to the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from December 2015 to May 2023 due to the sharp decline in monocular vision after facial cosmetic injection in other hospitals, including 38 cases of visual impairment in left eye and 35 cases of visual impairment in right eye. Observation contents of MRI included whether there were ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal ischemic injury, extraocular muscle ischemic edema, eyelid ischemic edema, retrobulbar effusion, eyeball atrophy, exophthalmos or not and MRI findings.

All 73 cases (100%) showed ischemic optic neuropathy on MRI. Focal lesions of intraorbital segment of optic nerve were found in 38 cases, of which 2 cases were multisegmental. In 35 cases, the total intraorbital segment of optic nerve were involved. All 73 cases showed significantly high signal intensity on the high-resolution diffuse Resolve sequence and decreased signal on ADC map, with iso-signal intensity on T1WI, iso-signal or slight hyper-signal intensity on T2WI. Retinal ischemic injury occurred in 52 cases (71.2%), which showed retinal arc-shaped hyper-signal intensity on the high- resolution diffuse Resolve sequence. In 45 cases (61.6%), ischemic edema of extraocular muscles were observed, which were characterized by thickening and swelling of the involved extraocular muscles, and slight hyper-signal intensity on T2WI. Retrobulbar effusion was found in 21 cases (28.8%), which was manifested as patchy slightly hyper-signal intensity in the muscle cone behind the eyeball on the axial T2WI-FS sequence. 33 cases (45.2%) developed upper eyelid ischemic edema, which was characterized by upper eyelid swelling and slightly elevated signal intensity on axial T2WI- FS. Eyeball atrophy and deformation occurred in 7 cases (9.6%). Exophthalmos occurred in 4 cases (5.5%).

Ocular complications in patients with visual impairment caused by facial cosmetic injection can manifest as ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal ischemic injury, extraocular ischemic edema, upper eyelid ischemic edema, retrobulbar effusion, eyeball atrophy and exophthalmos on MRI.

To assessed the changing patterns of right heart function in patients undergoing lobectomy by using two-dimensional echocardiographic speckle tracking technique (2D-STI) and three-dimensional echocardiographic speckle tracking technique (3D-STI).

Seventy-seven patients who underwent lobectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Hospital Affiliated to the University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) from March 2021 to March 2022 were included, and 45 patients completed follow-up, all of whom underwent conventional echocardiography, 2D-STI and 3D-STI, and real-time 3D echocardiography was used to capture the cardiac full-volume images of patients who had undergone lobectomy, and offline analysis of the TomTec imaging system was used to compare the differences in each examination parameter before and 1, 3, 6 months after surgery.

Lobectomy affects the right heart of patients more than the left heart. 2D-STI technology is more sensitive to the assessment of right heart function in patients undergoing lobectomy than 3D-STI technology, and lobectomy affects the right ventricular free wall of patients more than the septal side. Compared with the preoperative period, the absolute value of 2D right ventricular longitudinal strains was reduced in at 1 and 3 months after surgery, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05), and basically restored to the preoperative level at 6 months after surgery. Compared with the preoperative period, the absolute values of 2D right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain and 3D right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain were reduced at 1 and 3 months after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the preoperative level was basically restored at 3 months after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in 3D right ventricular septal lateral strain between postoperative 1, 3, 6 months and preoperative (P > 0.05).

Lobectomy reduces right heart systolic function, most significantly at 1 month postoperatively, and returns essentially to preoperative levels at 6 months postoperatively.

To construct a thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) benign-malignant prediction model for thyroid nodules categorized as TI-RADS 3 and above, incorporating both BRAF^V600E gene mutation status and enhanced CT features, and assess its diagnostic efficacy.

A retrospective analysis of data from 251 patients with TI-RADS 3 and above thyroid nodules admitted to Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2022 to February 2024 were conducted. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and postoperative pathology served as the "gold standard", with 177 nodules classified as benign and 74 as malignant. The LASSO regression method was employed for variable and predictor selection, leading to the establishment of a prediction model.

LASSO regression identified four variables for inclusion in the prediction model: age, BRAF^V600E gene mutation status, presence of blurred borders on enhanced CT, and discontinuity of the nodule envelope. A prediction model for BRAF^V600E gene mutation status in enhanced CT was developed based on these variables and subsequently validated. The AUC for the combined prediction model was 0.816, surpassing that of the enhanced CT prediction model alone (AUC=0.755) with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The joint prediction model demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.7%, specificity of 63.5%, and accuracy of 81.7%, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow fit test yielding P= 0.4564. The net reclassification index compared to the enhanced CT prediction model alone was 0.308 (0.151-0.465) (P < 0.001), and the integrated discrimination improvement index was 0.114 (0.060-0.167) (P < 0.001). Decision curve analysis and calibration curves confirmed the high predictive performance of the combined prediction model.

The column-line diagram model combining BRAF^V600E gene mutation status with enhanced CT features demonstrates significant diagnostic value in distinguishing between benign and malignant nodules categorized as TI-RADS 3 and above.

To explore the effectiveness and accuracy of calcium-suppressed (CaSupp) technique in the evaluation of nasosinusitis based on dual-layer detector computed tomography, which would provide a new tool for the clinical diagnosis of nasosinusitis.

Thirty cases of nasosinusitis were retrospectively analyzed, who visited Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital from March 2019 to September 2023 and were examined by spectral CT and MRI within one week. The included sinuses of 30 patients [maxillary sinus (left, right), ethmoid sinus (left, right), sphenoid sinus, frontal sinus] were 174 sinuses, and 6 sinuses were removed because of its incomplete images. According to the examination technique, these sinuses were classified into CaSupp group and MRI group (n=174); CaSupp group was divided into CaSupp- I 40, CaSupp- I 50 and CaSupp-I 60 group based on CaSupp index, respectively. CaSupp images and MR images were performed with the qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative diagnosis of the nasosinusitis was made based on CaSupp and MR images, and Chi-squared test was used for consistency test. Based on different calcium suppression images and MR images, the mucosa thickness of the paranasal sinus was measured in the same location of the same patient, and the Pearson method and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for reliability evaluation.

The CaSupp images presented 151 positive sinuses (sinuses with inflammation) and 23 negative sinuses (sinuses without inflammation); MR images showed 155 positive sinuses and 19 negative sinuses. There was no significant difference between CaSupp images and MR images in the diagnosis of sinusitis (χ²=0.433, P > 0.05). Correlation analysis presented that the CaSupp groups (CaSupp-I 40, 50 and 60) were significantly correlated with the MRI group in the measurement results of mucosal thickness (P < 0.001); The analysis of ICC confirmed that ICCs were 0.947, 0.847, and 0.920, respectively.

CaSupp technique based on the dual- layer detector computed tomography presented high value in the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of nasosinusitis, and the CaSupp images had the highest correlation with MRI images in quantitative analysis when CaSupp-I was set as 40. CaSupp technique based on the spectral CT provided a new simple and effective tool for the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of nasosinusitis.

To examine the diagnostic value of delayed radiographs taken at 2 h and 6 h after performing ethiodized poppyseed oil hysterosalpingography (HSG) to assess tubal patency and pelvic adhesion.

A total of 86 female infertility patients, with an average age of 30.30±4.59 years, an average duration of infertility of 2.12±2.45 years, an average number of pregnancies of 1.26±1.50, and an average number of deliveries of 0.43±0.56, were chosen from those who underwent HSG with ethiodized poppyseed oil at Xuzhou Central Hospital from August 2022 to August 2023. Out of the patients in the study, 14 had a history of pelvic inflammatory diseases, 6 had a history of endometrial conditions, 9 had a history of appendicitis, 19 had a history of tubal pregnancy, 11 had a history of caesarean delivery, and 17 had a history of other pelvic surgery. The patients were directed to walk a distance of at least 6000 steps within a time frame of 6 h following the HSG operation. The diagnostic consistency of tubal patency and pelvic adhesion was assessed by calculating Cohen's Kappa coefficient for the delayed radiographs taken at 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h. A confusion matrix was generated to analyze the diagnostic findings of the 2 h and 6 h delayed radiographs compared to the 24 h delayed radiographs. The key evaluation metric utilized was the area under the curve (AUC), combined with accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and the F1-score, to assess the diagnostic value of delayed radiographs taken at 2 h and 6 h.

The delayed radiographs taken at 2 h and 24 h intervals indicated a moderate level of consistency (Kappa=0.599, P < 0.001) and a moderate capacity to diagnose tubal patency (AUC= 0.836). The evaluations conducted at 6 h and 24 h intervals demonstrated a high level of consistency (Kappa=0.934, P < 0.001) and excellent diagnostic capacity (AUC=0.979). In the case of pelvic adhesion, the intervals of 2 h and 24 h showed a low level of consistency (Kappa=0.374, P < 0.001) and a lower ability to diagnose (AUC=0.670). On the other hand, the intervals of 6 h and 24 h demonstrated a high level of consistency (Kappa=0.780, P < 0.001) and moderate diagnostic efficacy (AUC=0.870).

Patients who exceed 6000 steps within 6 h after receiving ethiodized poppyseed oil HSG can use the 6 h delayed radiographs instead of the 24 h delayed radiographs for diagnosing tubal patency and pelvic adhesion severity. However, the delayed radiographs taken at 2 h cannot adequately replace the delayed radiographs taken at 24 h in terms of diagnosing a condition.

To explore the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic system based on coronary CT angiography and CT non- invasive blood flow reserve fraction (CT- FFR) in assessing the function of coronary artery critical lesions at high altitude.

A prospective collection was conducted on 164 patients with critical coronary artery disease at Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from January 2022 to October 2023. They were grouped according to their residential altitude, with group A at 2000-3000 m(n=83)and group B at > 3000 m(n=81). The two groups of patients were further divided into subgroups of 50%-60%(n=84)and 61%-70%(n=80)based on the degree of coronary stenosis. Import patient CCTA data into AI assisted diagnosis and CT-FFR measurement systems, and evaluate the application of AI and CT-FFR in the diagnosis of coronary critical lesions in high-altitude areas using coronary angiography and traditional coronary FFR as gold standards.

Using FFR as the gold standard, the consistency between CT-FFR and FFR was 83.75%. The calcified and vulnerable plaques in group B were higher than those in group A (P=0.037, 0.020); The incidence of multi branch coronary artery disease and 61%- 70% stenosis degree in group B was higher than that in group (P < 0.05); The incidence of calcified and vulnerable plaques in the 61%-70% subgroups of group A and group B was higher than that in the 50%-60% subgroups (P < 0.05). The CT-FFR value of group B was significantly lower than that of group A (0.76±0.04 vs 0.88±0.05, P < 0.01); The incidence of CT-FFR values ≤0.80 and < 0.70 in the 61%- 70% subgroups of group B was higher than that in the 50%- 60% subgroups (P < 0.05).

CT- FFR diagnostic system based on AI has a high consistency with FFR in evaluating coronary artery characteristics and hemodynamic changes in patients with critical coronary artery lesions at different altitudes, and has a high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, which significantly improves the diagnostic efficiency.

To observe the feasibility of machine learning models constructed based on various parameters of spectral CT in predicting the benign and malignant nature of thyroid nodules.

A total of 185 patients with thyroid nodules confirmed by surgical pathology from September 2021 to December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into malignant nodules group (n=106) and benign nodules group (n=79). Ten spectral CT parameters were extracted to establish six machine learning models. The performance of each model in predicting the benign and malignant nature of thyroid nodules was evaluated through ROC curves, and the differences in AUC of the model were compared.

The AUC values of extreme gradient boosting, random forest, support vector machine, Knearest neighbors, Logistic regression and decision tree models for predicting thyroid nodule malignancy were 0.833, 0.814, 0.813, 0.807, 0.799, 0.776, respectively. Their sensitivities were 0.833, 0.833, 0.800, 0.733, 0.767, 0.733, their specificities were 0.808, 0.769, 0.731, 0.846, 0.808, 0.731, their accuracies were 0.821, 0.804, 0.768, 0.786, 0.786, 0.732.

The learning models based on the parameters from spectral CT to predict benign and malignant thyroid nodules had good overall performance, the optimal prediction model was XGBoost.

To explore the correlation between ultrasound, right ventricular quantitative system and right heart catheterization in evaluating right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Twentytwo patients with pulmonary hypertension hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) from August 2022 to May 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. These patients all accepted examinations of ultrasound, right heart quantitative system and right heart catheterization. The correlation between traditional ultrasound parameters, right ventricular quantitative system parameters and right heart catheterization parameters were analyzed, including lateral tricuspid annulus displacement (TAPSE), lateral tricuspid annulus velocity (TASPV) and right ventricular area change fraction (RVFAC), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and right ventricular cardiac output (RVCO), cardiac output measured by thermodilution (TDCO).

TAPSE was positively correlated with RVCO and RVEF (r=0.698, 0.678, P < 0.01), TASPV was positively correlated with RVCO and RVEF (r=0.451, 0.507, P < 0.05), RVFAC was significantly positively correlated with RVEF (r=0.971, P < 0.01); TAPSE was positively correlated with TDCO (r=0.680, P < 0.01). There was no correlation between TASPV, RVFAC and TDCO. RVCO was significantly positively correlated with TDCO (r=0.918, P < 0.01). The Bland Altman scatter plot showed that the mean difference between RVCO and TDCO was -0.198 L/min (95% CI: -1.29-0.89 L/min, P > 0.05), indicating the high consistency between the two measurement methods.

Right ventricular quantitative system and right cardiac catheter have good correlation in evaluating right ventricular systolic function and there is no significant difference in measuring cardiac output between them. Right ventricular quantitative system can be used as a new non-invasive method for evaluating right ventricular function.

To explore the construction of a CT imaging feature and risk factor prediction model for elderly hip fractures based on bone density and clinical feature analysis.

Sixty elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to Lishui District People's Hospital in Nanjing from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the study group, and 50 elderly healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Usually, quantitative CT methods are used to measure the CT values of bones and convert them into bone density values for analysis. Calculate the Z and T values of bone density in the hip and spine, and establish a predictive model to evaluate the risk of hip fractures in the elderly by analyzing clinical features such as bone density, age, gender, height, weight, BMI.

CT imaging showed that women with decreased vBMD may be more prone to fractures, and the types of fractures may be more diverse. In patients with decreased vBMD, the soft tissue around the fracture may be more susceptible to damage; The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences between the two groups in terms of age, weight, height, BMI, hip bone density, spinal bone density Z values and T values (P < 0.05). There were also statistical differences between different genders, lack of exercise, malnutrition, smoking and drinking, and family genetic history cases (P < 0.05); The modeling analysis results showed that age, gender, weight, height, BMI, lack of exercise, malnutrition, smoking and drinking, family genetic history, spinal bone density Z value, and spinal bone density T value were all high-risk factors affecting elderly hip fractures (P < 0.05).

By analyzing bone density and clinical features, we can better understand the CT imaging features and risk factors of hip fractures in the elderly, thereby improving the prediction and treatment effectiveness, predicting the risk of hip fractures in the elderly, and developing targeted preventive measures to reduce the risk of hip fractures.

To explore the relationship between depression and imaging markers as well as total burden in patients with hypertensive-cerebral small vessel disease (HT-CSVD), and analyze the correlation between depression and cognitive function.

A total of 141 patients with HT-CSVD admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from May to December 2023 were divided into depression group (n=49) and non-depression group (n=92) based on the Hamilton depression scale. Demographic information, past medical history, MRI images, laboratory tests and cognitive function scores were collected to analyze the risk factors of depression and the relationship between depression and cognitive function in HT-CSVD patients.

Lacune, basal ganglia enlarged perivascular space (BG-EPVS), and the total burden of CSVD imaging of the patients in the depression group was higher than that of the non-depression group, and albumin levels were lower in the depression group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that lacune and BG-EPVS were independent risk factors for depression in HT-CSVD patients. The results of the analysis of the relationship between depression and cognitive function in HT-CSVD patients revealed that the total MoCA score and the individual scores of the cognitive domains such as visual-spatial and executive functions, naming, attention, language, delayed recall, and orientation were lower in the depression group compared to the non-depression group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation analyses showed a negative correlation between depression scores and MoCA scores, as well as visual-spatial and executive functions, naming, attention, language, delayed recall and orientation (P < 0.05).

Lacune and BG-EPVS are independent risk factors for depression in HT-CSVD patients. Depression in HT-CSVD patients is closely related to cognitive function. Depression in HT-CSVD patients is associated with decreased overall cognitive function, visual space and executive function, naming, attention, language, delayed recall and orientation.

To investigate the clinical application value of GE 3.0T SIGNA Architect multimodal MRI technology in children with epilepsy.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 110 MRI patients aged from 0 to 12 years old who were clinically diagnosed with epilepsy in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June 2021 to April 2024, including 58 males and 52 females, aged at 6.15±0.66 years old. Patients were divided into two groups according to different examination of inspection equipment. Group A (Philips 1.5T Achieva, n=55) underwent sagittal T2WI, axial T1WI, T2WI, T2 FLAIR, and DWI sequences, focusing on gray matter structure, gyral sulci development, temporal hippocampus structure and volume, and craniocerebral signals. Group B (GE 3.0T SIGNA Architect, n=55) underwent a more comprehensive set of scans including axial whole-brain BRAVO T1, axial CUBE T2 FLAIR, axial T2WI bilateral hippocampus, sagittal T2WI, axial MUSE DWI, ASL, DTI sequences, and MRS monomer or polyvoxel scanning. Gray matter structure, gyri sulci development, temporal hippocampus structure size and volume, craniocerebral signal, ASL perfusion, DTI nerve cellulose and FA value increase and decrease, MRS Metabolites spectrum line increase and decrease were observed.

In group A, 5 cases of hippocampal sclerosis/shrinkage (9.1%), 6 cases of cortical dysplasia (10.9%), 6 cases of autoimmune encephalitis (10.9%), 3 cases of giant gyrus malformation (5.5%); In group B, 15 cases of hippocampal sclerosis/shrinkage (27.3%), 16 cases of cortical dysplasia (29.1%), 14 cases of autoimmune encephalitis (25.5%), 10 cases of macrogyrus malformation (18.2%), 23 cases of abnormal ASL perfusion (41.8%), and 9 cases of abnormal bopp metabolism (16.4%). Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities decreased by 5 cases (9.1%).The diagnostic differences of hippocampal sclerosis/shrinkage in cephalic epilepsy, cortical dysplasia, autoimmune encephalitis, giant gyri malformation, ASL perfusion, MRS, DTI between group A and group B were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

3.0T multimodal MRI scanning technique has a more comprehensive and accurate image evaluation of brain morphology and function in patients with epilepsy.

To ascertain utility of the model that combines serum markers and CT features in assessing the differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

A total of 206 cases of HCC clinical and CT data were collected retrospectively and the patients were divided into training set (including 42 cases of low-differentiated HCC and 102 cases of middle-high differentiated HCC) and testing set (including 21 cases of low-differentiated HCC and 41 cases of middle-high differentiated HCC). The underlying differences between low-differentiated HCC group and middle-high differentiated HCC group in terms of clinical and CT features were meticulously compared. Applying multivariate Logistic regression, we isolated independent risk factors for HCC differentiation degree and construct the prediction models.

Compared with medium-high differentiated HCC, low-differentiated HCC had statistically significant higher rate of AFP positivity (P=0.001), occurrences of hepatitis B (P=0.003), low-density ring sign (P=0.015), cancer thromboembolism (P=0.001), and lower CT values during plain scan (P=0.010). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that AFP (OR=0.269, P=0.027), low-density ring sign (OR=0.273, P=0.047), cancer thromboembolism (OR=0.191, P=0.005), and plain scan CT value of tumor (OR= 1.091, P=0.009) act as risk factors for HCC differentiation degree. The optimal diagnostic performance was achieved by the model that integrated AFP, low-density ring sign, cancer thromboembolism, and CT value of tumor during plain scan, as demonstrated by the area under the curve of 0.780 and 0.620 in the training and testing set, respectively.

AFP, low-density ring sign, cancer thromboembolism, and CT value of tumor during plain scan are independent risk factors for the differentiation degree of HCC tissue. when amalgamated into the model, the joint model constructed based on these features can provide a high-accuracy diagnosis for HCC differentiation degree.