Objective To develop a combined nomogram model based on enhanced CT imaging features and clinical indicators for predicting early recurrence (ER) in untreated intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and to compare the performance of this model with radiomics and clinical models. Methods In this retrospective, two-center study, 55 HCC patients who underwent enhanced CT before TACE at Affiliated Hefei First People's Hospital from February 2020 to February 2024 were randomly divided into training and validation groups using five-fold cross-validation. Clinical data, CT radiomics data, pathological data, and serum markers collected within one week before TACE were collected and evaluated for all patients. Radiomic features were selected using univariate rank sum tests and Spearman correlation analysis. Radscore was calculated based on the linear product of logistic regression model coefficients and feature values. Significant variables were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and a nomogram was constructed. The model's performance was assessed using ROC curves and decision curve analysis. Results In both the training and validation groups, the combined nomogram model had AUCs of 0.787 (95% CI: 0.52-1.05) and 0.847 (95% CI: 0.54-1.14), respectively, for predicting early recurrence after TACE. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis indicated that prothrombin time (P<0.05) was an independent serum marker associated with early recurrence after TACE. In both the training and validation groups, the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the clinical model and the radiomic nomogram model alone were lower than those of the combined clinical-radiomic nomogram model. Decision curve analysis showed that the combined nomogram model had greater net benefit. Conclusion The proposed combined nomogram model has the potential to accurately predict early recurrence in HCC patients after TACE.

Objective To explore an integrated model that combines intratumoral and peritumoral sonographic features along with clinicopathological factors for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 145 female breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital. Based on postoperative pathological results, the patients were divided into a pathological complete response (pCR) group (n=85) and a non-pCR group (n=60). The intratumoral and peritumoral regions were demarcated, and radiomics features were extracted using 3D Slicer software. The radiomics model was constructed, and radiomics scores were obtained through the support vector machine algorithm. The radiomics score with the highest performance from the radiomics model and the clinical independent predictors were selected to construct a nomogram model. The ROC curve was drawn to assess the predictive performance of each model. Results In comparison to single intratumoral and peritumoral models, the intratumoral+peritumoral model exhibited a superior prediction effect. ER and HER-2 were chosen as independent predictors to construct a clinical model. The AUC of the training set and validation set were 0.707 and 0.778 respectively. The diagnostic performance of the nomogram model was enhanced compared to the other models, and the AUC of the training set and validation set was increased to 0.874 and 0.885. Conclusion The nomogram model based on the intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics scores of primary breast cancer derived from pre-treatment ultrasound images in combination with clinical factors holds significant predictive value for the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. This model is expected to guide clinical decision-making.

Objective To explore a potential diagnostic marker for Parkinson's disease (PD) through the combination of ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT imaging and serum lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) and α-synuclein (α-SYN). Methods Patients with PD who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University were recruited as the case group (n=39) from September 2019 to September 2024. Additionally, healthy individuals matched by gender and age were selected as the control group (n=50). Serum LAG-3 and α-SYN concentrations were collected and measured by a quantitative ELISA for patients with PD and age-and sex-matched controls. ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT imaging of the subjects was conducted. The relationship between LAG-3, α-SYN, and ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT in Parkinson's patients and controls were assessed via logistic regression. Results According to the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve of serum LAG-3 in differentiating patients with PD from controls was 0.894 and the cutoff value was 2.024 ng/mL. Sensitivity and specificity were 74.4% and 88.0%, respectively. The area under the curve of serum α-SYN in differentiating patients with PD from controls was 0.844 and the cutoff value was 9.431 ng/mL. Sensitivity and specificity on this receiver operating characteristic curve were 87.2% and 70.0%, respectively.The area under the curve of ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT imaging in differentiating patients with PD from controls was 0.787 and the cutoff value was 1.500. Sensitivity and specificity on this receiver operating characteristic curve were 90.9% and 57.1%, respectively.The area under the curve of the combination of ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT imaging, LAG-3 and α-SYN in differentiating patients with PD from controls was 0.964. Sensitivity and specificity on this receiver operating characteristic curve were 91.3% and 88.2%, respectively. Conclusion Serum LAG-3 and α-SYN concentrations and ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT brain imaging can provide specific and valuable diagnostic information of PD.And the combination of ¹¹C-CFT PET/CT imaging and serum LAG-3 and α-SYN can provide more valuable diagnostic information of PD than individual markers.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration combined with vacuum cupping and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of fistula stage plasma cell mastitis (PCM). Methods Sixty cases of PCM in fistula stage at Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024 were collected and randomized into 30 cases each in the intervention group and VSD group, according to the presence or absence of broken skin surface was categorized into ulcerated and non-ulcerated type. In the intervention group, ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration and hedging, vacuum cupping and negative pressure suction were performed. A negative pressure drainage device was placed after fistula resection in the VSD group. The clinical efficacy of the two treatment protocols were compared. Results The differences between the intervention group and the VSD group in terms of total effective rate of treatment, short-term recurrence rate, and preoperative and postoperative VAS scores were not statistically significant (P>0.05).The initial maximum diameter of the lesion, postoperative scar area, and wound healing time were smaller in the intervention group than in the VSD group; the degree of pain relief, breast shape integrity, and patient satisfaction were better than in the VSD group, and the treatment time was longer than in the VSD group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference in clinical efficacy between ultrasound-guided puncture and fluid extraction combined with vacuum cupping and VSD, and patient satisfaction is higher, it can be an effective treatment option for fistula stage PCM patients with fertility requirements or who value the integrity of the breast shape.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using relaxation-enhanced angiography without contrast and triggering (REACT) for renal artery angiography. Methods Thirty patients who visited International Zhuang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from August 2023 to October 2024 were included as prospective study. All patients were scaned by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE MRA) sequence, balanced gradient echo sequence (BTFE) and REACT sequence, respectively. The overall image quality score of three sets were compared. The ratio of minimum to maximum signal intensity, signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio of the main renal artery and left and right branch were calculated. The differences of the ratio of minimum to maximum signal intensity, signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio among the three groups were compared. The consistency of the image quality scores was assessed by the Kappa test. Results The consistency of image quality scores given by two physicians for the three groups was evaluated as good (Kappa values=0.82, 0.70, 0.55). The average overall image quality scores for the CE MRA group, BTFE group, and REACT group were 3.48, 3.05, 2.18, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the CE MRA group and the BTFE group (P=0.06), whereas significant differences were noted in all other comparisons (P<0.05). The average RSI of the renal artery was found to be highest in the CE MRA group, followed by the REACT group, and subsequently the BTFE group. Statistically significant differences were observed in pairwise comparisons (P<0.05). The mean SNR and CNR for both the main renal artery and its left and right branches were highest in the BTFE group, followed by the CE MRA group, with the REACT group showing lower values; these differences also reached statistical significance in pairwise comparisons (P<0.05). Conclusion The BTFE sequence demonstrates an effective capability to visualize the main renal artery and its branches without necessitating a gadolinium contrast agent. Its display performance is comparable to that of CE MRA sequences while significantly outperforming that of REACT sequences. However, it should be noted that when severely impacted by factors such as breath-holding duration or breathing regularly, the REACT sequence may serve as a more suitable compensatory method for non-contrast renal artery angiography.

Objective To analyze the impact of using the fixed tube current technique, CARE Dose 4D, and X-CARE technique during head CT examinations on the radiation dose and image quality of the patients, and develop a head CT scanning protocol that can effectively safeguard radio sensitive organs. Methods We prospectively gathered ninety patients for head CT scans at Xuzhou First People's Hospital from May 2023 to Februray 2024 and randomly assigned them to three group, with 30 patients in each group, including the fixed tube current technique (group A), CARE Dose 4D (group B), and the X-CARE technique (group C). The variability of radiation dose in patients across the different groups was analyzed using volume CT dose index (CTDIvol), size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) and radiation dose of eye lens surface comparisons. Two radiologists with rich experience in film reading were used to perform the subjective score of image quality according to the five-point scale by double-blind method, and the differences of image quality among different groups were compared by using the SD, SNR and subjective score of the images. Results The CTDIvol of the A, B and C group were 49.61±0.40, 33.85±3.20 and 32.40±3.11 mGy, respectively, SSDE were 34.26±1.77, 28.08±5.34 and 27.29±5.30 mGy, respectively. The ocular surface doses were 6.76±0.46, 3.41±0.40 and 2.05±0.73 mSv, respectively. Compared with fixed tube current, CARE Dose 4D and X-CARE technology reduced radiation dose CTDIvol by 31.76% and 34.69%, respectively, and SSDE by 36.55% and 38.34%, respectively. SSDE was 10.78% lower than CTDIvol. For image quality, the noise and SNR of the images using CARE Dose 4D and X-CARE techniques were lower than those of the fixed tube current group, but there was no statistically significant difference in subjective scores among the three groups of images (P>0.05). Conclusion X-CARE technology can effectively reduce the radiation dose of head CT scanning while guaranteeing image quality and protecting the sensitive organs in the eyes.

Objective To explore the correlation between substantia nigra hyperechogenicity (SNH), clinical data and cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as develop a nomogram to predict cognitive impairment (CI) in PD patients. Methods PD patients who underwent transcranial sonography in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were included and randomly divided into the training set (n=246 cases, 63.46±9.68 years old, 65.9% male) and testing set (n=106, 64.3±8.43 years old, 60.4% male) in a 7:3 ratio. The echogenicity of SN, area of SNH, plasma neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and other clinical features were collected,and the cognitive level was scored according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Logistic regression analysis was used to screen potential risk factors and construct a nomogram, and the receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the nomogram. Results Age, UPDRS-Ⅲ scores, Hoehn Yah stage, MoCA score, SNH proportion, NSE and homocysteine levels, and education level in the training set and test set were all significant different between PD patients with normal cognition and PD-CI. Gender, age, education level, UPDRS-Ⅲ scores, NSE concentration and SNH were identified as independent risk factors for PD-CI. The nomogram constructed using these six factors has good identification performance in both the training set and the test set (AUC were 0.867, 95% CI: 0.824-0.911, P<0.001; 0.873, 95% CI: 0.805-0.941, P<0.001, respectively). The calibration curve demonstrated acceptable agreement between predicted outcomes and actual values. Conclusion Plasma NSE concentration and SNH are related to the cognitive function of PD patients,and the constructed nomogram may have the potential to predict cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Objective To analyze the value of CT angiography (CTA)-CT perfusion (CTP) imaging in evaluating collateral circulation in ischemic stroke. Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to the hospital from October 2021 to September 2024 were retrospectively collected. According to the status of collateral circulation, patients enrolled were divided into the poor collateral circulation group (n=56) and the good collateral circulation group (n=94). Baseline data and CTA-CTP parameters of the two groups were compared. The independent risk factors for poor collateral circulation in AIS were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of each risk factor for poor collateral circulation in AIS. Results The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score upon admission and the proportion of hyperlipidemia in the poor collateral circulation group were higher than those in the good collateral circulation group (P<0.05). The core infarct volume, ischemic penumbra volume and relative mean transit time (rMTT) in the poor collateral circulation group were larger and longer than those in the good collateral circulation group. The relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were smaller than those in the good collateral circulation group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that NIHSS score upon admission, hyperlipidemia, rCBF, rCBV, and rMTT were independent risk factors for poor collateral circulation in AIS (P<0.05). The AUCs of rCBF, rCBV and rMTT to predict poor collateral circulation in AIS were 0.737, 0.797, 0.784. The AUC of joint prediction using the three factors was 0.886 (95% CI: 0.824-0.932). The sensitivity and specificity were 94.64 and 54.26%. The AUC of joint prediction was greater than that of separate prediction (P<0.001). Conclusion There's significant correlation between NIHSS score upon admission, hyperlipidemia, rCBF, rCBV, rMTT and collateral circulation in patients with AIS. rCBF, rCBV, and rMTT can be used as predictors for poor collateral circulation, and combined use of the three can improve the accuracy of prediction.

Objective To establish a variety of machine learning models based on CT radiomics features and deep learning models based on convolutional neural networks, to compare the performance of the two methods in predicting the preoperative mismatch repair (MMR) typing model in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 120 colorectal cancer patients who were randomly divided into 7:3 into the training group and the test group, and all of these cases were from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University. The region of interest (ROI) was plotted and the radiomics features were extracted to select the optimal set. The machine learning models were builded including random forests, support vector machines and logistic regression algorithms, as well as deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) structures Vgg16 models. The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and F1 score. Results The AUC values of the test group of the three machine learning models were 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75-0.84), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.73-0.81), and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59-0.74), and the F1 scores were 0.60, 0.82, and 0.57. The test group AUC of the deep learning model was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76-0.91) and the F1 score was 0.82. Conclusion The radiomics machine learning and deep learning models based on CT images can effectively identify the MMR typing of colorectal cancer. According to the AUC values obtained by different models, it is found that the deep learning model is more efficient than the machine learning model in identifying the two types of MMR.

Objective To construct and evaluate a new model for predicting hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) signs and clinical factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients with sICH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2023 to September 2024. HE and non-HE group were divided according to whether the baseline hematoma volume increase was >6 mL or 33%. Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to screen out the independent predictors significantly related to the occurrence of HE. On this basis, R language was used to construct a nomogram prediction model, and the relevant clinical model and imaging model were constructed. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by ROC curve, calibration curve and clinical decision curve. Results The time from onset to first CT examination, diabetes, platelet, hypodensity sign, blend sign, and satellite sign were independent predictors of HE occurrence (P<0.05). The above factors were used to establish a nomogram prediction model, the area under the ROC curve of the nomogram model was 0.928, and the clinical model and imaging model were 0.832 and 0.829, respectively. The Youden index, sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram model were also better than those of the above two models. The calibration curve results showed that the predicted probability of the nomogram model fitted well with the actual probability, and the decision curve results showed that the threshold probability range of the model was wide. Conclusion The nomogram model based on NCCT signs and clinical factors has a good performance in predicting the occurrence of HE in sICH patients, which is superior to the clinical model and imaging model alone, thus providing an effective and non-invasive tool for clinical risk assessment of HE in patients.

Objective To investigate the correlation between preoperative enhanced CT and clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer according to microsatellite instability (MSI-H)/mismatch repair defects (dMMR). Methods A total of 203 patients who attended Puyang People's Hospital affiliated with Xinxiang Medical College from August 2022 to July 2024 were retrospectively collected and included, and they were divided into the dMMR group (n=39) and the mismatch repair (pMMR) group (n=164). Preoperative enhanced CT features and clinicopathological features were analyzed, one-way and multifactorial Logistic analysis was performed, and the predictive model was constructed by screening relevant factors based on multifactorial Logistic analysis, creating column-line diagrams, evaluating the calibration chart and clinical applicability of the model and performing internal validation. Results In multifactorial analysis, lesion location (OR=0.37, P=0.046), degree of differentiation (moderately differentiated OR=0.24, P=0.009), percentage of intratumoral hypoluminescence (1/3-2/3: OR=1.233, P=0.010; >2/3: OR=6.90, P=0.008), short diameter of the largest lymph node ≥8 mm (OR=2.67, P=0.039), and tumor short diameter (OR=1.59, P=0.002) were independent influences on the occurrence of dMMR (P<0.05). The mean AUC of internal validation of the model was 0.878(0.817-0.934) and 0.824(0.737-0.877), respectively, with good model differentiation. Conclusion The combination of CT imaging features and clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer correlates with MMR status, which provides noninvasive MMR prediction, and the construction of a column-line graph prediction model shows good diagnostic performance.

Objective To investigate the value of transperineal pelvic floor ultrasound parameters combined with rectus abdominis separation in the evaluation of postpartum stress urinary incontinence (PSUI). Methods The clinical data of 112 parturients who gave birth in our hospital from September 2022 to August 2024 and underwent postpartum reexamination 6-8 weeks after delivery were included. According to the occurrence of PSUI, the postpartum women were divided into PSUI group (n=51) and non-PSUI group (n=61). Transperineal pelvic floor ultrasound parameters [bladder neck position at rest (BSD1), urethral inclination angle (UIA1), posterior vesicourethral angle (PUA1), levator hiatus area (LHA1)] of all postpartum women were collected. Bladder neck position (BSD2), urethral inclination angle (UIA2), posterior vesicourethral angle (PUA2), levator hiatus area (LHA2), funnel formation rate of internal urethral orifice during maximum Valsava maneuver, bladder neck mobility (BND) and urethral rotation angle (URA)] and rectus abdominis separation were measured. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of PSUI, and the ROC curve was drawn to verify the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter alone and in combination for PSUI. Results The BSD2, UIA2, PUA2, LHA2, urethral funnel formation rate, BND and URA in the PSUI group were higher than those in the non-PSUI group (P<0.05). Of the 112 postpartum women, 28 had normal rectus abdominis, of which 7 had PSUI (25.00%). In 43 cases of mild separation group, PSUI occurred in 14 cases (32.56%). In the moderate separation group of 27 cases, 19 cases had PSUI (70.37%); there were 14 cases in the severe separation group, and 11 cases (78.57%) had PSUI. With the aggravation of rectus abdominis separation, the incidence of PSUI increased gradually (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that LHA2 (OR=3.170), urethral funnel formation rate (OR=2.702), BND (OR=3.034), URA (OR=2.854) and rectus abdominis separation (OR=3.476) were independent risk factors for PSUI (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the AUC was 0.925 when the parameters were combined, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.31% and 86.89%, respectively. Conclusion The diagnostic efficacy of PSUI can be further improved by transperineal pelvic floor related ultrasound parameters LHA2, urethral funnel formation rate, BND and URA combined with rectus abdominis separation.

Objective To explore the application value of small field HyperCUBE sequence and compressive sensing (HS) technology in high-definition imaging of single hip joint, in order to shorten scanning time and optimize scanning process while ensuring image quality. Methods Twenty healthy volunteers, half male and half female, aged 20-35 years old were employed. All volunteers underwent unilateral coronal hip joint scans on a 1.5T MRI. The scan sequences were as followed: conventional HyperCUBE, HyperCUBE with HS (HS factor 1.25, 1.5, 2.0, respectively), with scan times of 6 min 21 s, 3 min 22 s, 2 min 14 s, 1 min 41 s, respectively. After the scanning was completed, subjective and objective evaluations were conducted on the 4 sets of images. The subjective evaluation was conducted by two associate chief physicians with more than 10 years of imaging diagnosis experience by using a "5-point method" for double-blind evaluation. The subjective evaluation items included image uniformity, artifacts, image blur degree, and overall image quality. The results were statistically analyzed using rank sum test, and the consistency of the evaluators will be analyzed using Kappa analysis; Objective evaluation was based on image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), background noise, and contrast noise ratio (CNR), and results were analyzed via using univariate analysis of variance for statistical analysis. Results The subjective scores for conventional HyperCUBE, HyperCUBE with HS (HS factor 1.25), HyperCUBE with HS (HS factor 1.5), HyperCUBE with HS (HS factor 2.0) were as followed: the quartiles of image uniformity were (4,5), (4,5), (4,5), (4,5) ( P>0.05); The quartiles of image artifact were (4, 5), (4, 5), (3, 4), (3, 3) ( P<0.05); The quartiles of image blur degree were (4, 5), (4,5), (3.25,4), (3,2) ( P<0.05); The quartiles of overall image quality were (4, 5), (4, 5), (3.25, 3), (2.25, 2.50) ( P<0.05). The objective scores of four groups were as followed: femoral head SNR: 34.54±3.65, 44.98±3.41, 30.54±1.32, 29.54±1.98 ( P<0.05); Background noise: 10.69±1.13, 5.54±1.31, 3.54±1.28, 2.11±1.98 ( P<0.05); Femoral head muscle CNR: 163.45±11.47, 168.61±15.12, 161.61±15.12, 168.45±10.67 ( P>0.05). Conclusion The HyperCUBE small field 3D ultra long echo chain pseudo steady state fast spin echo sequence can shorten the scanning time without increasing oversampling and scanning time by applying ultra selective saturation pulses. In addition, the combination of the new MRI acceleration technology HyperSense can further accelerate the scanning speed, providing strong support for clinical 3D high-definition single hip joint scanning. HyperCUBE with HS1.25 could exhibit the imaging capability of the best image quality.

Objective To compare the MRI and clinical features of focal chronic inflammatory hepatic lesions (FCIHL) with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 14 histologically confirmed cases of FCIHL and 27 histologically confirmed cases of ICC, from April 2019 to October 2023. All patients underwent upper abdominal MRI, including plain scan, enhanced scan, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Additionally, 15 patients underwent Gd-BOPTA MRI. Two radiologists independently analyzed and summarized the clinical and imaging characteristics of both groups, with a third radiologist assessing any discrepancies in measurements. Results Compared to the ICC group, the FCIHL case exhibited higher apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values (P<0.05), a higher rate of septal/honeycomb enhancement (P<0.05), and a lower rate of vascular invasion (P<0.05) . However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in lesion shape, margin, maximum diameter, progressive enhancement, local liver atrophy or capsule shrinkage, abnormal perfusion around the lesion, or distal bile duct dilatation (P>0.05). The diagnostic areas under the curve (AUC) for vascular invasion, septal/honeycomb enhancement, and ADC value in differentiating FCIHL from ICC were 0.725, 0.660, and 0.827, respectively. There were not statistically significant difference in differentiating FCIHL from ICC with these three signs (P>0.05). Conclusion ADC value, vascular invasion, and septal/honeycomb enhancement are valuable in differentiating FCIHL from ICC. A comprehensive and integrated analysis of these indicators can significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of differential diagnosis between FCIHL and ICC.

Objective To investigate the value of CT values in evaluating bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and imaging data of 74 patients (103 vertebrae totally) with osteoporotic fractures of the thoracolumbar spine who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty from March 2022 to December 2023 in High-end Orthopedic Hospital and Foshan Sanshui Zengkang Neck and Lumbar Hospital. Among them, there were 23 males and 51 females, aged 53-94 years old with an average age of 74.0±9.4 years old. Comparisons were made in terms of age and L1 vertebral CT values, and the CT values of adjacent vertebrae for various types of bone cement leakage. Results Among the 74 patients, 55 (74.3%) experienced bone cement leakage, and these patients shared older ages and lower CT values of L1 vertebrae. Among the 103 vertebrae, 69 (67.0%) exhibited bone cement leakage, including intervertebral disc leakage (17 vertebrae, 24.6%), paravertebral venous leakage (38 vertebrae, 55.1%), paravertebral soft tissue leakage (15 vertebrae, 21.8%), basivertebral venous leakage (14 vertebrae, 20.3%), and needle tract leakage (4 vertebrae, 5.8%). Compared to vertebrae without leakage, adjacent vertebrae with intervertebral disc leakage had significantly lower CT values, while CT values did not differ significantly for other types of leakage. Conclusion CT values of L1 and adjacent vertebrae are correlated with bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, indicating a certain guiding value in assessing bone cement leakage.

Objective To investigate the prenatal ultrasonographic features, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics, and postnatal follow-up evaluation of fetal ovarian cysts. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on cases of suspected fetal ovarian cysts detected by prenatal ultrasound. Parameters including gestational age, cyst location, size, internal echogenicity, and MRI signal characteristics were systematically analyzed. Based on outcomes, cases were categorized into vanishing and non-vanishing groups. The non-vanishing group underwent surgical intervention and was further subdivided into torsion and non-torsion subgroups. Comparative analyses were performed on cyst echogenicity, dimensional changes, and positional variations across subgroups. Results Among 164 initially identified ovarian cysts, 33 cases were lost to follow-up and one case underwent pregnancy termination, resulting in 130 cases for final analysis. The vanishing group (n=102, 78.5%) demonstrated significantly higher proportions of simple cysts (88/102, 86.3%) and positional stability (100/102, 98.0%) compared to the non-vanishing group (P<0.05). Among 28 surgically managed non-vanishing cases, torsion occurred in 12 cases (42.9%), all presenting as complex cysts. The torsion subgroup exhibited 100% complex cyst morphology (12/12) compared to 25% (4/16) in non-torsion cases (P<0.05). The difference between the changes in size and location of cysts in the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Median cyst volumes significantly differed between torsion 18.7 (12.8, 61.1) cm³ and non-torsion groups 69.7 (49.9, 149.2) cm³, (P<0.05). Conclusion Surveillance of fetal ovarian cysts should prioritize complex morphology and monitor dimensional/positional changes. Combined ultrasound-MRI evaluation is recommended for persistent complex cysts to facilitate early detection of adnexal torsion and optimize torsional prognosis.

Objective To explore the effects of individualized positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) on respiratory mechanics during recovery, oxygenation and postoperative complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery. Methods According to random number table method, 84 patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery in the hospital were divided into control group (routine PEEP-fraction of inspired oxygen) and experimental group (individualized PEEP titration based on EIT) between October 2022 and October 2024, including 42 cases per group. The differences in respiratory mechanics, oxygenation function and hemodynamics at different time points during recovery [immediately after entering the recovery room (T1), 30min of mechanical ventilation (T2), after awaking (T3)], postoperative rehabilitation indexes and incidence of complications within 1 week were compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative PEEP and optimal PEEP in recovery room in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). At T1, there was no significant difference in dynamic compliance (Cdyn), peak airway pressure (P_peak), plateau pressure (P_plat), ΔP or oxygenation index (OI) between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with T1, Cdyn and OI were increased in both groups at T2 and T3, which were higher in experimental group than control group (P<0.05), while P_peak, P_plat and ΔP were decreased, which were lower in experimental group than control group (P<0.05). From T1-T3, there was no significant difference in partial pressure of carbon dioxide, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure or heart rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The extubation time, awaking time and length of hospital stay in experimental group were shorter than those in control group (P<0.05). Within 1 week after surgery, incidence of hypoxemia, ventilator-associated lung injury and postoperative pulmonary complications in experimental groups was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Individualized PEEP based on EIT can effectively improve respiratory mechanics and oxygenation function during recovery, reduce postoperative complications and improve recovery quality in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery, without significant effects on hemodynamics.

Myocardial wall motion dysfunction represents a pivotal early pathophysiological mechanism underlying the structural and functional deterioration observed in various cardiovascular diseases, and it is strongly correlated with patient prognosis. Gated myocardial perfusion imaging is a cornerstone non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating myocardial ischemia and viability in patients with cardiovascular disorders. Utilizing advanced post-processing software, gated myocardial perfusion imaging enables the quantification of both global and regional left ventricular functional parameters. Recent advancements have significantly enhanced myocardial wall motion assessment. These include dedicated cardiac SPECT technology, optimized acquisition protocols, sophisticated image reconstruction algorithms, and the integration of artificial intelligence. This review examines the application value and research progress of gated myocardial perfusion imaging in cardiovascular diseases. It focuses on early diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognostic evaluation, particularly in ischemic heart disease. Additionally, the review critically analyzes the current limitations of G-MPI. It also explores future directions to provide novel insights for precise diagnosis and therapeutic management of cardiovascular diseases.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide, and its early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve the prognosis of patients. Ultrasound radiomics technology can extract a large number of quantitative features from ultrasound images, and use advanced image processing and data analysis techniques to assist clinical diagnosis, treatment decision-making and prognosis evaluation. In recent years, with the rise of the field of peritumoral radiomics, it provides a new perspective for evaluating tumor microenvironment, predicting tumor invasion and metastasis potential, guiding treatment options and prognosis evaluation. This article reviews the overview of peritumoral radiomics and ultrasound peritumoral radiomics in identifying benign and malignant breast tumors, predicting molecular staging of breast cancer, pathological diagnosis, lymph node status, efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and prognostic assessment, with the aim of providing guidance for precise diagnostic and therapeutic practice of breast tumors.

The presence of wounds can significantly impact patients' quality of life, as well as their physical and mental well-being, while also posing substantial challenges and burdens to the healthcare system. Ultrasound, as a physical therapy modality, shows promising potential in the field of wound healing. This article offers a concise review of the wound healing process, the biological effects of ultrasound, the mechanisms by which ultrasound promotes wound healing, the key parameters of ultrasound therapy, and its application value across various types of wounds. Additionally, we discuss the research advancements in combining ultrasound with other therapeutic approaches, aiming to provide valuable insights for future studies.