Abstract: Objective To study the sensitivity and feasibility of detecting microvascular inflammation in renal ischemiareperfusion injury using microbubbles (MB) targeted to the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1 and ultrasound radiation force (USRF). Methods Mouse models of kidney ischemia-reperfusion were randomized into 5 groups with reperfusion time of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h (IRlh, IR3h, IR6h, IR12h, and IR24h group, respectively). Each group was subdivided into targeted MB group (MBICAM group) and targeted MB +USRF group (MBICAM+USRF group). Kidney enhancement and the video intensity (VI) of the kidneys were compared among the groups. Results In normal mice in either MBICAM or MBICAM + USRF group, no obvious enhancement of the kidney or significant increase in VI of the kidneys was observed (P=0.923). The kidneys were enhanced in all the mice with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and with the passage of time, the enhancement increased progressively. VI in the kidneys of mice with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in MBICAM+USRF group increased more significantly compared with the MBICAM group. Significant difference in the VI was noted among the groups with different perfusion time but not between IR12h and IR24h groups. Conclusion Microbubbles targeted to ICAM-1 combined with USRF can effectively evaluate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice and can be used for early evaluation of microvascular inflammation and other endothelial responses.