Abstract: Both autoimmune hemolytic anemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria are common hemolytic diseases.
The former causes hemolysis because of immune disorder, and the latter is an acquired clonal hematologic disorder of stem
cells. The two entities are often separate diseases, but can also occur concomitantly or secondary to each other. paroxysmal
nocturnal haemoglobinuria-like defect-like defect is a special type of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and should be
distinguished from typical paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria-like defect.