Abstract: Objective To study the effect of glycolysis inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) in inducing apoptosis of human
breast carcinoma cells SK-BR-3 and the possible mechanism. Methods MTT assay was used to detect the growth inhibition
induced by 3-BrPA in breast cancer cells SK-BR-3. The apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry with propidium iodide
(PI). ATP levels in the cells were detected by ATP assay kit, and DHE fluorescent probe technique was used to determine
superoxide anion levels; the mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 staining assay. Results MTT assay
showed that the proliferation of SK-BR-3 cells was inhibited by 3-BrPA in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.
Exposure to 80, 160, and 320 μmol·L-1 3-BrPA for 24 h resulted in cell apoptosis rates of 6.7%, 22.3%, and 79.6%, respectively,
and the intracellular ATP levels of SK-BR-3 cells treated with 80, 160, 320 μmol·L-1 3-BrPA for 5 h were 87.7%, 60.6%, and 23.7%
of the control levels. 3-BrPA at 160 μmol·L-1 increased reactive oxygen levels and lowered mitochondrial membrane potential
of SK-BR-3 cells. Conclusion 3-BrPA can inhibit cell proliferation, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce
apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, the mechanism of which may involve a reduced ATP level by inhibiting glycolysis and increasing
the reactive oxygen level in the cells.