Abstract: Objective To study the effect of Bifidobacterial adhesin on proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cell induced by lypopolysaccharide (LPS) and H₂O₂ in vitro. Methods With ³H-TdR incorporation method, flow cytometry and fluorochrome staining, the proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells induced by LPS and H₂O₂ in vitro were studied. Results LPS at the dose of 100 μg/L effectively stimulated the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, whereas H₂O₂ at the dose of 200 μmol/L obviously restrained the proliferative ability while enhanced the apoptosis of the cells. Fluorochrome staining showed cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation and fragmentation under microscope. After treatment with Bifidobacterial adhesin, the cell proliferation and apoptosis decreased significantly in LPS group, and in H₂O₂ group, cell apoptosis was signifi- cantly decreased. Conclusions Bifidobacterial adhesin can protect intestinal epithelial cells from the damage by LPS and H₂O₂, and maintain the balance between the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells.