Abstract: The global prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases is closely related to overnutrition and imbalanced dietary patterns. As the carbohydrate, the digestion characteristics of starch directly affect the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. Resistant Starch (RS) has become the current hotspot of dietary nutrition research for improving disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism due to its unique anti-digestive properties and prebiotic functions. This review summarizes the digestive characteristics of starch, as well as the comprehensive effects and related mechanisms of resistant starch (RS) in ameliorating metabolic diseases. Diets with high RS content not only optimize glucose homeostasis by retarding glucose release, but also the undigested fractions enter the colon to drive the metabolic regulatory network of the gut microbiota-gut-brain axis. These include activating the AMPK/ACC pathway to reduce fat accumulation, enhancing the intestinal barrier function mediated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and GLP-1/PYY neural signal transduction. This will not only provide a research basis for the design of new healthy foods but also offer new research ideas for optimizing dietary nutrition and regulating the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism caused by a high-carbohydrate diet.

Key words: Metabolic diseases, Starch, High resistant ability, Dietary nutrition, Glucose and lipid metabolism