Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule improves renal vascular endothelial function in rats with diabetic nephropathy by downregulating the Notch1/NICD/MAML1 signaling pathway

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.10.21

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule (DZJTC) for repairing renal vascular endothelial injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods Fifty male SD rat models of DN, established by left nephrectomy, high-sugar and high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection, were randomized into DN model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose DZJTC treatment groups, and DAPT (a γ-secretase inhibitor) treatment group, with 10 rats with normal feeding as the control group. DZJTC was administered by daily gavage at 0.315, 0.63, or 1.26 g/kg, and DAPT (20 mg/kg, dissolved in 50% CMC-Na solution) was given by gavage every other day for 4 weeks; normal saline was given in the control and model groups. After treatment, the levels of creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and microalbuminuria (mALB) were detected with ELISA, and renal pathologies were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Renal expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the protein expressions of CD31 and Notch signaling pathway components were detected using Western blotting. Results The rat models of DN showed significantly increased CRE, BUN, and mALB levels, obvious renal pathologies under electron microscopy, increased renal VEGF, ET-1 and CD31 expressions, and upregulated Notch1, NICD, and MAML1 protein levels. Treatment with DZJTC at the 3 doses and DAPT significantly reduced CRE, BUN, and mALB levels, improved renal pathology, decreased VEGF, ET-1 and CD31 expressions, and lowered Notch1, NICD and MAML1 levels, and the effects were the most pronounced with high-dose DZJTC. Conclusion DZJTC ameliorates hyperproliferation and dysfunction of renal vascular endothelium in DN rats possibly by regulating renal VEGF and ET-1 levels via inhibiting NICD- and MAML1-mediated Notch signaling pathway.

Key words: Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule, diabetic nephropathy, Notch signaling pathway, vascular endothelium function, renal function

Sijia ZHU, Jingcheng MA, Yujiao ZHENG, Chuanyun WU, Jiangen ZHAO, Lingxiu LI, Li WANG, Xuemei ZHOU. Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule improves renal vascular endothelial function in rats with diabetic nephropathy by downregulating the Notch1/NICD/MAML1 signaling pathway[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2025, 45(10): 2250-2257.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Histopathological changes in renal tissue of rats in each group (Original magnification: ×25 000). A: Con group and Mod group; B: DZJT-L group and DZJT-M group; C: DZJT-H group and DAPT group.

Fig.2 Comparison of CRE (A), BUN (B), and mALB (C) levels in rats among the groups. *P<0.01 vs Con group. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs Mod group.

Fig.3 Immunohistochemical results of ET-1 (A) and VEGF (B) in the renal tissues of rats in each group (red arrows indicate positive staining).

Fig.4 Comparison of mean optical density values of ET-1 (A) and VEGF (B) in renal tissue of rats among the groups. *P<0.01 vs Con group. ##P<0.01 vs Mod group.

Fig.5 Protein bands of CD31, Notch1, NICD and MAML1 by Western blotting in rat renal tissues in each group.

Fig.6 Comparison of CD31 (A), Notch1 (B), NICD (C), and MAML1 (D) protein expression levels in renal tissues among the groups. *P<0.01 vs Con group. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs Mod group.

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