Abstract: Objective To test the feasibility of using 1,5-anhydroglucose alcohol (1,5-AG) as a diagnostic indicator of fulminant
type 1 diabetes (FT1DM). Methods Fifteen patients with newly diagnosed FT1DM and 52 with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were
examined for serum biochemistry, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), and serum 1, 5-AG level. Results The patients with
FT1DM and T2DM showed significantly different fasting levels of blood glucose (FBG), fructosamine (FMN), creatinine (Cr),
urea, HbAlc and serum 1,5-AG (P<0.05). In FT1DM patients, serum 1,5-AG was found to inversely correlate with FBG
(r=-0.646, P=0.032) and FMN (r=-0.680, P=0.021), and in T2DM patients, serum 1,5-AG was inversely correlated with FBG
(r=-0.407, P=0.001), FMN (r=-0.314, P=0.01) and HbAlc (r=-0.576, P<0.01). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis
showed an area under the curve of serum 1,5-AG of 0.804 with a cutoff value of 67.95, a sensitivity of 82.9% and a specificity of
60% for FT1DM diagnosis. Conclusion Serum 1, 5-AG can reflect acute blood glucose fluctuation in FT1DM patients and is
useful for differential diagnosis of FT1DM when combined with evaluations of the clinical characteristics of the patients and
other related indicators.