Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between resting heart rate (RHR) and blood glucose level in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated by diabetes mellitus. Methods Between April and July, 2011, a total of 1336 outpatients over 60 years of age recruited from 165 hospitals were asked to complete a questionnaire and received blood glucose and RHR examination. According to baseline RHR, the patients were divided into 3 groups with HRH <70 min-1 (group I, 372 cases), between 70 and 79 min-1 (group II, 533 cases), and ≥80 min-1 (group III, 431cases) for analysis of the relationships of RHR with blood glucose control rate. Results HbA1c levels in the total, male and female patients differed significantly among the 3 groups (F=15.436, 15.436, and 24.270, respectively, P<0.05), and increased in the order from group I to group III. Blood glucose control rate in the total, male and female patients also differed significantly among the 3 groups (χ2=13.471, 6.752, and 6.522, respectively, P<0.05), and was significantly lower in group III than in group I (P<0.05). RHR was found to positively correlate with FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c by Pearson correlation analysis (r=0.058, 0.085, and 0.058, respectively; P<0.05) and multiple linear regression analysis (β =0.075, 0.075, and 0.018, respectively; P< 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression equation showed that compared with patients with RHR <70 min-1, the total, male and female patients with RHR ≥80 min-1 had OR values of blood glucose control failure of 1.99 (95% CI: 1.23-2.37, P<0.05), 1.81 (95% CI: 1.17-2.77, P<0.05), and 2.18 (95% CI: 1.12-3.74, P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions RHR in elderly CHD patients with MD is positively correlated with their blood glucose level, and an increased RHR is associated with an increased risk of poor blood glucose control. Rigorous RHR control in such high-risk patients may prove beneficial for both blood glucose control and secondary prevention of CHD.