Abstract: Objective To observe the long-term therapeutic efficacy endoscopic sinus surgery with different treatments of the middle turbinate and maxillary sinus. Methods Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in 391 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polypi, who were followed up for 0.5 to 2.5 years postoperatively. Results Of the patients receiving the operation, 328 were cured, 53 showed improvement, and 10 failed to respond to the treatment, with a total efficaty rate of 97.5%. The major complication of this surgery was nasal cavity adhesion. Conclusions Appropriate treatment of the middle turbinate and maxillary sinus in endoscopic sinus surgery with postoperative comprehensive therapy may enhance the therapeutic efficacy and reduce postoperative complications.