医学研究生文化信仰与自杀风险的关系

doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.12.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究医学研究生文化信仰与自杀风险的关系。方法采用中国传统文化信仰量表（CTCBS）、自杀行为问卷（SBQ-R）对某医科大学541名医学研究生进行调查。结果医学研究生文化信仰量表总分为49.68±6.85分，其中66.9%拥有高水平文化信仰。医学研究生的自杀风险检出率为15.7%，近1年自杀意念发生率为20.1%。他们的文化信仰和自杀风险状况不存在性别、居住地和家庭经济状况上的差异。医学研究生文化信仰水平与自杀风险呈负相关（r=-0.210，P<0.001）。高文化信仰者的SBQ-R得分更低（F=6.255，P<0.01），文化信仰程度越低者的自杀风险检出率越高（28.6% vs 21.2% vs 12.7%，χ²=7.985，P<0.05）。高自杀风险者的文化信仰总分及各维度表现水平更低（P<0.001）。结论医学研究生多数具有明确的文化信仰，高文化信仰有助于降低医学研究生的自杀风险。

关键词: 医学研究生, 中国传统文化, 文化信仰, 自杀风险, 自杀意念

Abstract:

Objective To study the relationship between traditional Chinese cultural beliefs and suicide risk in Chinese medical postgraduate students. Methods The Chinese Traditional Cultural Belief Scale (CTCBS) and Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ-R) were used to investigate 541 medical postgraduate students in a medical university. Results The total score of traditional Chinese cultural belief of the medical postgraduate students was 49.68±6.85, and 66.9% of them had a clear cultural belief. The detection rate of suicide risk among the medical postgraduates was 15.7%, and 20.1% of them reported suicidal ideation within the past year. Traditional Chinese cultural belief was negatively correlated with suicide risk among the medical postgraduates (r=-0.210, P<0.001), and those with higher levels of cultural belief had lower SBQ-R scores (F=6.255, P<0.01). The medical postgraduates with lower cultural beliefs had a higher detection rate of suicide risk (28.6% vs 21.2% vs 12.7%). The students with high suicide risks had significantly lower total scores and all the dimension scores of CTCBS (P<0.001). Conclusion Most medical postgraduates have clear traditional Chinese cultural beliefs, which can be beneficial to reduce suicide risk among the students.

Key words: medical postgraduate students, traditional Chinese culture, cultural belief, suicide risk, suicidal ideation

陈凯鹭, 肖蓉. 医学研究生文化信仰与自杀风险的关系[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2024, 44(12): 2382-2387.

Kailu CHEN, Rong XIAO. Relationship between traditional Chinese cultural beliefs and suicide risk among Chinese medical postgraduate students[J]. Journal of Southern Medical University, 2024, 44(12): 2382-2387.

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Characteristics	n (%)	Cultural belief	Suicide risk
Characteristics	n (%)	Cultural belief	SBQ-R score	High risk [n (%)]
Gender
Male (n=214)	214 (39.6)	49.64±7.13	4.57±2.06	32 (15.0)
Female (n=327)	327 (60.4)	49.70±6.68	4.80±2.21	53 (16.2)
t/χ²		-0.092	-1.189	0.154
Place of residence
Countryside (n=213)	213 (39.4)	50.17±6.08	4.65±1.94	31 (14.6)
County (n=149)	149 (27.5)	49.38±7.27	4.52±1.95	23 (15.4)
City (n=179)	179 (33.1)	49.34±7.34	4.93±2.51	31 (17.3)
F/χ²		0.902	1.652	0.573
Family finances
Poor (n=77)	77 (14.2)	49.35±7.66	4.66±2.00	11 (14.3)
Medium (n=410)	410 (75.8)	49.65±6.77	4.77±2.22	69 (16.8)
Rich (n=54)	54 (10.0)	50.35±6.34	4.28±1.74	5 (9.3)
F/χ²		0.351	1.271	2.203
Total	541	49.68±6.85	4.71±2.15	85 (15.9)

Characteristics	n (%)	Cultural belief	Suicide risk
Characteristics	n (%)	Cultural belief	SBQ-R score	High risk [n (%)]
Gender
Male (n=214)	214 (39.6)	49.64±7.13	4.57±2.06	32 (15.0)
Female (n=327)	327 (60.4)	49.70±6.68	4.80±2.21	53 (16.2)
t/χ²		-0.092	-1.189	0.154
Place of residence
Countryside (n=213)	213 (39.4)	50.17±6.08	4.65±1.94	31 (14.6)
County (n=149)	149 (27.5)	49.38±7.27	4.52±1.95	23 (15.4)
City (n=179)	179 (33.1)	49.34±7.34	4.93±2.51	31 (17.3)
F/χ²		0.902	1.652	0.573
Family finances
Poor (n=77)	77 (14.2)	49.35±7.66	4.66±2.00	11 (14.3)
Medium (n=410)	410 (75.8)	49.65±6.77	4.77±2.22	69 (16.8)
Rich (n=54)	54 (10.0)	50.35±6.34	4.28±1.74	5 (9.3)
F/χ²		0.351	1.271	2.203
Total	541	49.68±6.85	4.71±2.15	85 (15.9)

Item	Total (n=541)	High risk (n=85)
1.Have you ever thought about or attempted to kill yourself?
Never	301 (55.6)	3 (3.5)
It was just a brief passing thought	204 (37.7)	51 (60.0)
I have had a plan at least once …/I have attempted to kill myself…	36 (6.6)	31 (36.5)
2.How often have you thought about killing yourself in the past year?
Never	432 (79.9)	15 (17.6)
Rarely (1 time)/Sometimes (2 times)	100 (18.5)	61 (71.8)
Often (3-4 times)/Very often (5 or more times)	9 (1.7)	9 (10.6)
3.Have you ever told someone that you were going to commit suicide, or that you might do it?
No	445 (82.3)	29 (34.1)
Yes, at one time …	78 (14.4)	43 (50.6)
Yes, more than once …	18 (3.3)	13 (15.3)
4. How likely is it that you will attempt suicide someday?
Never	307 (56.7)	4 (4.7)
No chance at all/Rather unlikely/Unlikely	222 (41.0)	69 (81.2)
Likely/Rather likely/Very likely	12 (2.2)	12 (14.1)

Item	Total (n=541)	High risk (n=85)
1.Have you ever thought about or attempted to kill yourself?
Never	301 (55.6)	3 (3.5)
It was just a brief passing thought	204 (37.7)	51 (60.0)
I have had a plan at least once …/I have attempted to kill myself…	36 (6.6)	31 (36.5)
2.How often have you thought about killing yourself in the past year?
Never	432 (79.9)	15 (17.6)
Rarely (1 time)/Sometimes (2 times)	100 (18.5)	61 (71.8)
Often (3-4 times)/Very often (5 or more times)	9 (1.7)	9 (10.6)
3.Have you ever told someone that you were going to commit suicide, or that you might do it?
No	445 (82.3)	29 (34.1)
Yes, at one time …	78 (14.4)	43 (50.6)
Yes, more than once …	18 (3.3)	13 (15.3)
4. How likely is it that you will attempt suicide someday?
Never	307 (56.7)	4 (4.7)
No chance at all/Rather unlikely/Unlikely	222 (41.0)	69 (81.2)
Likely/Rather likely/Very likely	12 (2.2)	12 (14.1)

Item	Cultural belief levels			F/χ²	P	Multiple comparison
Item	Low (n=14)	Medium (n=165)	High (n=362)	F/χ²	P	Multiple comparison
SBQ-R score	5.57±3.20	5.12±2.36	4.48±1.97	6.255	0.002	2>3
Past attempts	2.14±1.17	1.56±0.63	1.48±0.64	7.186	<0.001	1>2;1>3
Frequency	1.43±1.16	1.43±0.84	1.24±0.58	4.679	0.010	2>3
Threat	1.14±0.54	1.27±0.52	1.19±0.46	2.015	0.134
Likelihood	0.86±1.23	0.85±1.04	0.58±0.89	5.117	0.006	2>3
High risk [n (%)]	4 (28.6)	35 (21.2)	46 (12.7)	7.985	0.018