南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 900-905.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.04

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6条目孤独感量表（ULS-6）是测量中国成年人群孤独感的有效工具

肖 蓉，杜静雯   

  1. 南方医科大学公共卫生学院心理学系，广东 广州 510515；南方医科大学珠江医院精神心理科，广东 广州 510282
  • 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-07-06

Reliability and validity of the 6-item UCLA Loneliness Scale for application in adults

XIAO Rong, DU Jingwen   

  1. Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
  • Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-07-06

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摘要： 目的 修订6条目孤独感量表（ULS-6）并在成年人群中使用，评价其测量学性能和适用性。方法 调查1采用UCLA孤独感量表（ULS）、患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）对1480名成年人进行施测，对ULS-6进行项目分析、信效度评价和测量等值性分析；调查2采用UCLA孤独感量表调查652名大学生分析效标效度并对其中300名大学生间隔3周后再次施测以分析ULS-6的重测信度。结果 项目分析显示ULS-6各条目的区分度良好，鉴别指数均在0.775以上（r= 0.775~0.820，P<0.001）。ULS-6为单一维度，其内部一致性信度为0.891，分半信度为0.875，重测信度为0.726。ULS-6与UCLA孤独感量表、ULS-8、PHQ-9及PSSS量表的效标相关系数分别为0.882，0.967，0.528和-0.532。在跨性别、跨年龄组别中均满足测量等值性。成年人ULS-6总分为（12.97±3.96）分，成年人中有20%无孤独感，80%有孤独感（其中轻、中、重度孤独感者分别占39.6%、25.7%和14.7%）。结论 ULS-6孤独感量表具有良好的信效度和适用性，是能简洁快速测量中国成年人群孤独感的有效工具。

关键词: 6条目孤独感量表；孤独感；信度；效度；测量等值

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties and applicability of the 6-item University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) in adults. Methods We conducted 2 surveys to assess the validity of different measurement scales and questionnaires. In Survey 1, a total of 1480 adults were measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS), Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PHQ-9) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the data were used for item analysis and assessment of the reliability, validity and measurement invariance. In Survey 2, UCLA Loneliness Scale was used for measurement in 652 college students, and the data were used for analysis of the criterion validity of ULS-6; 3 weeks later, 300 of the students were retested using ULS-6 to assess the retest reliability of the scale. Results Item analysis suggested that the items in ULS-6 all had good discrimination power with discrimination indexes all above 0.775 (r=0.775-0.820, P<0.001). Measuring only one dimension, ULS-6 had an internal consistency reliability of 0.891, a split-half reliability of 0.875, and a retest reliability of 0.726. The correlation coefficients of ULS-6 with ULS, ULS-8, PHQ-9 and PSSS were 0.882, 0.967, 0.528 and -0.532, respectively. The measurement invariances of ULS-6 across genders and age groups were all acceptable. Among the adult participants, the mean total score of ULS-6 was 12.97±3.96; While only 20% of the adults had no loneliness, 80% of them exhibited varying degrees of loneliness, ranging from mild (39.6% ) and moderate (25.7% ) to intense (14.7% ) feelings of loneliness. Conclusion The ULS-6 has good reliability, validity and applicability for measurement of loneliness in Chinese adults.

Key words: 6-item University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale; loneliness; reliability; validity; measurement invariance