南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1212-1220.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.08.14

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初级听觉皮层对声音刺激的听觉响应模式

郑钦洪，宋长宝，梁妃学   

  1. 南方医科大学生物医学工程学院数学物理系，广东 广州 510515
  • 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-09-05

Auditory response patterns of mouse primary auditory cortex to sound stimuli

ZHENG Qinhong, SONG Changbao, LIANG Feixue   

  1. Department of Mathematical Physics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
  • Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-09-05

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摘要： 目的 通过在体电生理和神经网络建模来探讨初级听觉皮层的不同听觉响应模式及其特性。方法 以SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠的初级听觉皮层（A1）神经元为研究对象，采用玻璃微电极细胞贴附式记录和神经网络建模方法，研究清醒状态下A1神经元在不同时长噪声刺激下对声音刺激产生响应模式的变化。以表征A1脑区听觉响应模式多样性为目的记录大量A1神经元信号，实验结束后统计共使用20只清醒小鼠，总计有216例A1神经元进行目标声音刺激序列扫描，通过计算神经元信号的刺激时间直方图完成对A1神经元响应模式的分类及响应特性分析。以仿真A1神经元响应模式多样性为目的，基于威尔逊-考恩（Wilson-Cowan）模型和积分-发放（IF）模型进行建模，通过分析A1脑区中锥体神经元、小清蛋白神经元和生长激素抑制素神经元的微环路结构以确定模型中神经元连接权重参数，从而构建A1神经网络信息编码模型。结果 给予持续时间噪声刺激后，122例给声开始型神经元仅在给声开始后10~40 ms内产生快速尖峰响应；26例给声持续型神经元在给声过程中持续产生尖峰响应；40例给声开始-结束型神经元在给声开始后和结束后均产生快速尖峰响应；22例给声结束型神经元仅在给声结束后10~40 ms内产生快速尖峰响应；本研究的A1神经网络模型中，在100 ms声音刺激下锥体神经元、小清蛋白神经元和生长激素抑制素神经元的给声开始型电活动峰值分别为0.7483、0.5236和0.9427，响应半峰宽分别为18.5 ms、12 ms和31 ms；当改变模型中锥体神经元、小清蛋白神经元和生长激素抑制素神经元的前馈兴奋时间常数和突触抑制时间常数时，神经元可以产生多种不同的尖峰响应类型。结论 A1神经元对声音刺激主要有给声开始型、给声持续型、给声开始-结束型和给声结束型等听觉响应模式。

关键词: 初级听觉皮层；响应模式；神经网络模型；声音刺激

Abstract: Objective To investigate the auditory response patterns of mouse primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons. Methods In vivo cell-attached recordings and neural network modeling were performed to detect the changes in response patterns of A1 neurons of awake C57BL/6J mice to sound stimulation with varying lengths. A1 neuron signals were recorded for 216 neurons in 20 awake mice using a target sound stimulation sequence, and the classification and response characteristics of A1 neuron response patterns were examined using post-stimulus spike time histograms. To simulate the diversity of the A1 neuron response patterns, an A1 neuron model was established based on the Wilson-Cowan model and integral-firing model. The neuron connection weight parameters in the model were calculated by examining the micro loop structure of the pyramidal neurons, parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin neurons in the A1 region, and the A1 neural network information coding model was constructed. Results The Onset response neurons only had fast spike response within 10 to 40 ms after the beginning of noise stimulation (122 neurons). The Sustained response neurons had spike response continuously during the noise stimulation (26 neurons). The On-off response neurons had fast spike response after the beginning and the end of noise stimulation (40 neurons). The Offset response neurons only had fast spike response within 10 to 40 ms after the end of noise stimulation (22 neurons). In the neural network model, the Onset peak neural activities of A1 pyramidal neurons, parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin neurons were 0.7483, 0.5236 and 0.9427, respectively, and their response half peak widths were 18.5 ms, 12 ms and 31 ms during the 100 ms noise stimulation, respectively. By changing the feedforward excitation and synaptic inhibition time constants in the model, the neurons generated numerous different types of spike train. Conclusion The auditory response of mouse A1 neurons to sound stimuli shows mainly the Onset, Sustained, On-off, and Offset response patterns.

Key words: primary auditory cortex; response mode; neural network model; sound stimuli