南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 1801-1808.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.12.07

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学龄期儿童肉类食品摄入模式对其肠道菌群结构的影响

林琼希，伦静娴，张吉敏，何肖龙，龚泽龙，高雪峰，曹 虹   

  1. 南方医科大学公共卫生学院//广东省热带病研究重点实验室//微生物学系，广东 广州 510515；南方医科大学南方医院康复理疗科，广东 广州 510515
  • 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2022-01-04

Gut microbiome composition in pre-adolescent children with different meat consumption patterns

LIN Qiongxi, LUN Jingxian, ZHANG Jimin, HE Xiaolong, GONG Zelong, GAO Xuefeng, CAO Hong   

  1. Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
  • Online:2021-12-20 Published:2022-01-04

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摘要： 目的 研究不同肉食偏好模式下学龄期儿童的肠道菌群差异。方法 选取深圳地区学龄期健康儿童共44例，年龄范围8~10岁。根据每个儿童白肉和红肉的月均摄入频率的比值将所有儿童分为3组：红肉模式组（15例）、均衡组（16例）、白肉模式组（13例）。采用膳食频率调查问卷进行面访调查及采集晨便，提取粪便DNA后进行扩增并使用 Illumina Miseq 高通量测序技术对儿童肠道菌群测序分析。结果 红肉偏好模式和白肉偏好模式的儿童肠道菌群的丰度和多样性均显著低于均衡饮食模式（P<0.05）。LEfSe分析发现与均衡组相比，红肉组的样本中主要富集埃希-志贺菌属、粪芽孢菌属和嗜冻菌属，白肉组主要富集霍尔德曼氏菌属，而与红肉组和白肉组相比均衡组分别显著富集了31和25个菌属，包括毛螺菌属、瘤胃球菌属等。采用PICRUSt2对细菌功能信号通路预测发现，与均衡组相比红肉组显著激活菌群脂多糖生物合成（P<0.01）、花生四烯酸代谢（P< 0.01）、甲状腺激素合成（P<0.001）和碳水化合物消化吸收功能（P<0.05）；但相比白肉组，红肉组仅显著激活菌群花生四烯酸代谢（P<0.05）和甲状腺激素合成通路（P<0.05）。结论 本研究发现相比均衡模式，红肉和白肉偏好模式均会显著下调肠道菌群丰度及改变菌群结构，并且红肉模式饮食可能会更多富集埃希-志贺菌属，并可能显著上调脂多糖生物合成通路。

关键词: 学龄期儿童；肠道菌群；肉类饮食；高通量测序

Abstract: Objective To compare the composition of gut microbiome in pre-adolescent children with different meat consumption patterns. Methods This study was conducted among 44 healthy school-age children (age range 8-10 years) in Shenzhen. According to the monthly intake frequency ratio of white meat and red meat, the children were divided into red-meat group (n=15), balanced group (n=16) and white-meat group (n=13). The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate the children's diet, and samples of morning feces were collected to study the gut microbiome. The fecal DNA was extracted and amplified, and the composition of the intestinal microbiome of the children was analyzed using Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. Results The children in red meat and white meat groups showed significantly lower abundance and diversity of gut microbiota than those with a balanced diet (P<0.05). LEfSe analysis of the genus in the fecal samples showed that Escherichia-Shigella, Coprobacillus and Peptoniphilus were enriched in red-meat group and Holdemanella was enriched in the white-meat group as compared with the balanced group. In the samples of the balanced group, 31 and 25 genus (such as Laurespirillum and Rumenococcus) were significantly enriched as compared with the samples of the red-meat group and the white-meat group, respectively. Prediction of the gut microbiota KEGG pathway using PICRUSt2 suggested that compared with that in the balanced group, the gut microbiota in red-meat group had significant activation of the pathways involving lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (P<0.01), arachidonic acid metabolism (P<0.01), thyroid hormone synthesis (P<0.001), and carbohydrate digestion and absorption (P<0.05). But compared with the white-meat group, the red-meat group showed only significant activation of the pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism (P<0.05) and thyroid hormone synthesis (P<0.05). Conclusion The preference of red meat and white meat consumption may significantly reduce the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in pre-adolescent children. A red meat-rich diet may cause enrichment of Escherichia-Shigella and significant activation of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway, suggesting the potential benefit of a balanced diet for pre-adolescent children.

Key words: pre-adolescent children; gut microbiota; meat diet; high-throughput sequencing