南方医科大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 960-964.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.06.22

• • 上一篇    

DNA折纸在纳米生物医学中的应用

王建华,张 萍,夏青林,魏余辉,陈文勇,王 静,李鹏程,李 宾,周星飞   

  • 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-07-05

Application of DNA origami in nanobiomedicine

  • Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-07-05

摘要: DNA纳米技术是一种人工设计并自组装形成复杂核酸结构的技术,DNA折纸技术的出现使构建具有不同尺度二维和三维复杂纳米结构简便易行,是结构DNA纳米技术发展的一个里程碑。由于DNA折纸具有结构可控、可精确寻址、易于化学修饰和生物相容性好等特点,近年来在纳米生物医学领域获得了广泛关注并取得巨大进展。本文对DNA折纸在以下3个方面的应用做了简述:在生物分子检测方面介绍了癌细胞识别、单分子水平直读检测和抗原抗体相互作用;在靶向给药方面介绍了红霉素体内运输和纳米机器人药物运输;最后,在生物材料方面主要介绍了折纸作为抗凝剂抑制凝血酶的活性产生、折纸金属化以及折纸纳米片药物的合成等方面的应用。

关键词: DNA折纸;可寻址性;生物传感;药物运输;生物材料

Abstract: The development of DNA nanotechnology make it possible to artificially generate complex nucleic acid nanostructures with controllable sizes and shapes. DNA origami emerges as an effective and versatile approach to construct two- and three-dimensional programmable nanostructures, and represents a milestone in the development of structural DNA nanotechnology. Due to its high degree of controllable geometry, spatial addressability, easy chemical modification and good biocompatibility, DNA origami has great potentials for applications in many fields. In this review, we briefly summarize the applications of DNA origami in antigen-antibody interaction, targeted drug delivery and the synthesis of biomaterials.

Key words: DNA origami; addressability; biosensor; drug transportation; biomaterials