南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1381-1386.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.11.18

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CRISPR/Cas9文库筛选技术的发展及在肿瘤研究中的应用

雷 婷，肖 斌，何咏茵，曲 璟，孙朝晖，李林海   

  • 出版日期:2019-12-05 发布日期:2019-11-20

Development and applications of CRISPR/Cas9 library screening technology in cancer research

  • Online:2019-12-05 Published:2019-11-20

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摘要： 近年兴起的CRISPR/Cas9［Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPR）/CRISPR-associated（Cas）9］技术因其能快速、简便、精准地实现基因敲除、敲入、激活、干扰等编辑功能而成为一种强大的遗传筛选工具，目前已在各类细胞系和小鼠及斑马鱼等多种动物模型中得到大规模运用。利用CRISPR系统构建基因组文库进行高通量筛选，是研究疾病特别是肿瘤靶标基因的主要策略。本文就CRISPR/Cas9文库筛选技术的原理和发展，脱靶效应的改进方案，文库筛选的基本流程以及近年来该技术在肿瘤研究中的应用进行总结。

Abstract: The CRISPR/Cas9 technology has developed rapidly in recent years with fast, simple and accurate editing functions to allow gene knockout, knock in, activation and interference. It has become a powerful genetic screening tool and been widely used in various models including cell lines, mice and zebrafish. The application of CRISPR system in constructing genome library for high-throughput screening is the main strategy for target gene research of diseases, especially neoplasms. Here we summarize the rationales and recent development of CRISPR/Cas9 library screening technology, the strategies for improving the off-target effects, the basic workflow of library screening and the application of this technology in tumor research.