南方医科大学学报

南方医科大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 795-800.doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.04.23

• • 上一篇    

大学生失眠及其与压力感知的相关关系

李逗逗，肖 蓉   

  1. 南方医科大学公共卫生学院心理学系，广东 广州 510515；南方医科大学珠江医院精神心理科，广东 广州510282
  • 发布日期:2024-04-29

Correlation of insomnia with perceived stress in college students

LI Doudou, XIAO Rong   

  1. Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
  • Published:2024-04-29

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摘要： 目的 探讨大学生失眠及其与压力感知的关系。方法 采用失眠严重程度指数（ISI）、压力感知量表（PSS-10）对3702名大学生进行整群抽样调查。结果 大学生失眠检出率为31.4%，男生的失眠症状表现较女生更严重（t=2.047，P=0.041），家庭经济状况越差的大学生失眠症状表现越严重（F=20.423，P<0.001）；失眠和压力感知及危机知觉因子、应对能力知觉因子呈正相关，相关系数分别为0.42、0.38、0.31（P<0.001）；高压力感知水平者的失眠得分更高（F=203.030，P<0.001），失眠检出率更高（χ2=359.784，P<0.001），中、重度失眠者的压力感知水平也更高（F=293.569,P<0.001）；大学生压力感知类型表现为失控型15.3%、紧张型 8.3%、易感型 23.0%、放松型 53.5%，失控型者的失眠得分更高，其次为紧张型、易感型、放松型者最低（F=185.969，P<0.001）。不同压力感知类型者的失眠检出率分别为57.3%、43.3%、39.3%和18.7%，各组间均存在差异（χ2=368.876，P<0.001）。结论 大学生失眠和压力感知之间关系密切，从压力感知水平和压力感知类型两方面来区分失眠的高危人群有利于更好地进行失眠的管理和防治。

关键词: 大学生；失眠；压力感知；压力感知类型

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of insomnia in college students and analyze the correlation between insomnia and perceived stress. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of insomnia and stress levels in 3702 college students using Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Results Insomnia was detected in 31.4% of the college students, and the symptoms were more severe in male students (t=2.047, P=0.041) and in those with poorer family economic conditions (F=20.423, P<0.001). Insomnia was positively correlated with perceived stress, perceived distress, and perceived coping ability, with correlation coefficients of 0.42, 0.38, and 0.31, respectively (P<0.001). The students with higher levels of perceived stress had higher insomnia scores (F=203.03, P<0.001) and higher detection rate of insomnia (χ2=359.784, P<0.001), and those with moderate or severe insomnia also had higher levels of perceived stress (F=293.569, P<0.001). The types of perceived stress among college students included incontrollable (15.3%), nervous (8.3% ), vulnerable (23.0% ) and the relaxed types (53.5% ). The incontrollable type was associated with the highest insomnia scores, followed by the nervous type and susceptible type, and the relaxed type had the lowest insomnia scores (F=185.969, P<0.001). The prevalence rates of insomnia in students with the 4 types of perceived stress were 57.3%, 43.3%, 39.3%, and 18.7%, respectively (χ2=368.876, P<0.001). Conclusion There is a close correlation between perceived stress and insomnia, and identification of the high-risk population for insomnia from the perspectives of perceived stress level and perceived stress type can facilitate the management and prevention of insomnia.

Key words: college students; insomnia; perceived stress; perceived stress type